CAJ | 학술논문

近年来随着人们对乳制品需求的不断增加，将复原乳冒充或添加在鲜乳中出售的现象也日益严重，亟需简单、快速的检测方法监测掺假行为。利用同步荧光技术，分别对两种鲜牛乳（未经杀菌的生牛乳和低温处理的巴氏杀菌乳）掺杂复原乳的情况进行了定性判别和定量分析。以各类样本及全部样本的判别正确率作为定性判别模型的评价指标；以相关系数（r）、校正均方根误差（RMSEC）和预测均方根误差（RMSEP）作为定量分析模型的评价指标。通过分析牛乳的三维荧光图谱确定同步荧光扫描的固定波长差Δλ值为80 nm ；在对图谱进行二阶求导后，偏最小二乘-判别分析法（PLS-DA ）对生鲜牛乳、巴氏杀菌乳和复原乳的种类判别总正确率可达100％，并且在判断两种鲜乳中是否添加复原乳时，校正集样品的正确率均可达到100％，预测集样品的正确率分别为75％和81.25％，鲜牛乳和复原乳的种类判别模型，以及鲜乳与掺假乳的定性判别模型均取得了良好的效果；PLS回归对同步光谱值与复原乳含量建立线性关系时，两种鲜乳定量模型的 r值分别为0.9112和0.9367，RMSEC分别为0.0422和0.0384，RMSEP分别为0.0548和0.0575，鲜乳中复原乳含量的定量分析模型的 r值均可达到0.9以上，能对添加量较高的样品进行预测。因此，同步荧光技术可以较为准确、快速的检测鲜牛乳中是否掺杂复原乳。
근년래수착인문대유제품수구적불단증가，장복원유모충혹첨가재선유중출수적현상야일익엄중，극수간단、쾌속적검측방법감측참가행위。이용동보형광기술，분별대량충선우유（미경살균적생우유화저온처리적파씨살균유）참잡복원유적정황진행료정성판별화정량분석。이각류양본급전부양본적판별정학솔작위정성판별모형적평개지표；이상관계수（r）、교정균방근오차（RMSEC）화예측균방근오차（RMSEP）작위정량분석모형적평개지표。통과분석우유적삼유형광도보학정동보형광소묘적고정파장차Δλ치위80 nm ；재대도보진행이계구도후，편최소이승-판별분석법（PLS-DA ）대생선우유、파씨살균유화복원유적충류판별총정학솔가체100％，병차재판단량충선유중시부첨가복원유시，교정집양품적정학솔균가체도100％，예측집양품적정학솔분별위75％화81.25％，선우유화복원유적충류판별모형，이급선유여참가유적정성판별모형균취득료량호적효과；PLS회귀대동보광보치여복원유함량건립선성관계시，량충선유정량모형적 r치분별위0.9112화0.9367，RMSEC분별위0.0422화0.0384，RMSEP분별위0.0548화0.0575，선유중복원유함량적정량분석모형적 r치균가체도0.9이상，능대첨가량교고적양품진행예측。인차，동보형광기술가이교위준학、쾌속적검측선우유중시부참잡복원유。
In the present research ,synchronous fluorescence technique was used for qualitative and quantitative detection of re-constituted milk mixed into two kinds of milk samples ,raw milk and pasteurized milk ,respectively .The total accuracy of sample was used to evaluate the performance of the qualitative discrimination models .The correlation coefficient (r) ,the root mean square error of correction (RMSEC) and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEC) were used to evaluate the perform-ance of the quantitative analysis models .The constant wavelength difference (Δλ) between the excitation and emission scanning was determined to be 80 nm from three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of milk .The total discrimination accuracy was 100%by partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA ) for raw milk ,pasteurized milk and reconstituted milk samples .When checking whether the raw milk and pasteurized milk were mixed with reconstituted milk ,the total accuracy of calibration samples was 100% and the accuracy of prediction samples was 75% and 81.25% ,respectively .The effects of qualitative discrimination models were satisfactory .The PLS regression was used for quantitative analysis of the reconstituted milk content mixed in raw milk and pasteurized milk .The correlation coefficients of actual values versus predicted values were 0.911 2 and 0.911 2 ,re-spectively .The RMSEC was 0.042 2 and 0.038 4 ,respectively .The RMSEP was 0.054 8 and 0.057 5 ,respectively .The cor-relation coefficients of quantitative analysis models could reach up to 0.9 .The results showed that synchronous fluorescence technology could be applied for rapid detection of reconstituted milk mixed in fresh milk .