CAJ | 학술논문

采用6对微卫星分子标记，分析了马氏珠母贝（Pinctada martensii）白、黑、黄、红4种壳色家系的遗传结构。结果表明：4种壳色家系在6个位点的平均等位基因数为4.17，有效等位基因数为1.297～1.819；平均观测杂合度为0.083～0.212，平均期望杂合度为0.207~0.341；Shannon 多样性指数为0.366~0.616；平均多肽信息（PIC）含量为0.257～0.442；4个壳色家系哈-温平衡指数均发生了极显著的偏离，4个家系间的群体再分效应的固定指数FST值为0.113～0.793；与马氏珠母贝普通养殖群体及壳色选育系F5相比，4种壳色家系之间遗传距离变大，遗传多样性降低。
채용6대미위성분자표기，분석료마씨주모패（Pinctada martensii）백、흑、황、홍4충각색가계적유전결구。결과표명：4충각색가계재6개위점적평균등위기인수위4.17，유효등위기인수위1.297～1.819；평균관측잡합도위0.083～0.212，평균기망잡합도위0.207~0.341；Shannon 다양성지수위0.366~0.616；평균다태신식（PIC）함량위0.257～0.442；4개각색가계합-온평형지수균발생료겁현저적편리，4개가계간적군체재분효응적고정지수FST치위0.113～0.793；여마씨주모패보통양식군체급각색선육계F5상비，4충각색가계지간유전거리변대，유전다양성강저。
According to different shell color phenotypes of Pinctada martensii, the shell color was purified by group of hybridization and continuous progeny selection and distinct Pinctada martensi selection strains with four shell colors(white, black, yellow, and red) were acquired, then the microsatellite DNA technique was applied to estimate genetic structure of four shell color families of Pinctada martensii. By using six microsatellite loci, genetic parameters were calculated as followed:the average effective numbers of alleles of the four families were from 1.297 to 1.819. The average expected heterozygosity and the average observed heterozygosity were 0.207~0.341 and 0.083~0.212, respectively. PIC values were between 0.257~0.442. Shannon's diversity was 0.366-0.616.The indices of Hardy-Weinberg were highly significant deviation in four color families. FST values between four families were from 0.113~0.793. Genetic distance become larger, four families have lower genetic diversity. The results serve as reference for the purification of shell color and genetic breeding. Comparing ordinary breeding groups with shell selection strains F5, Genetic distance between four shell color families became larger and genetic diversity was lower. The results provide reference for the purification of shell color and genetic breeding.