CAJ | 학술논문

城市化过程与生态环境变化之间的相互联系、相互作用，是面向可持续发展的人文过程与自然过程综合研究的重要课题。基于系统耦合理论，文章将具有城市化特征的各类城市人文要素的集合与组成生态环境的各类自然要素的集合视为2个相互独立又彼此影响的系统，分别从理论与方法的角度梳理并总结了当前中国城市化过程与生态环境变化之间关系的研究进展。中国学者不仅在城市化与生态环境耦合关系和演化规律认识上取得了成果，而且在定量评价与测度两大系统各要素及系统之间的耦合机制方面积累了经验，也提出了实现城市化发展与生态环境维护相互协调的对策。综合而言，目前国内研究在内容上的多维性特征、方法上的多元化特征和研究对象上的区域性特征明显，但同时还存在理论基础薄弱、定量评价指标体系缺乏以及研究的滞后性和被动性等问题，今后应围绕城市化与生态环境系统耦合理论框架和方法体系、系统作用观测与评价指标体系及预警机制、城市生态空间扩展与优化的模式与方法等方面展开深入研究。
성시화과정여생태배경변화지간적상호련계、상호작용，시면향가지속발전적인문과정여자연과정종합연구적중요과제。기우계통우합이론，문장장구유성시화특정적각류성시인문요소적집합여조성생태배경적각류자연요소적집합시위2개상호독립우피차영향적계통，분별종이론여방법적각도소리병총결료당전중국성시화과정여생태배경변화지간관계적연구진전。중국학자불부재성시화여생태배경우합관계화연화규률인식상취득료성과，이차재정량평개여측도량대계통각요소급계통지간적우합궤제방면적루료경험，야제출료실현성시화발전여생태배경유호상호협조적대책。종합이언，목전국내연구재내용상적다유성특정、방법상적다원화특정화연구대상상적구역성특정명현，단동시환존재이론기출박약、정량평개지표체계결핍이급연구적체후성화피동성등문제，금후응위요성시화여생태배경계통우합이론광가화방법체계、계통작용관측여평개지표체계급예경궤제、성시생태공간확전여우화적모식여방법등방면전개심입연구。
The correlation and interaction between urbanization and ecological environment changing, is geared to the important topic of the comprehensive research for the sustainable development of human and natural process. Based on the theory of system coupling, this paper regards the collection of various urban cultural elements with the characteristics of urbanization and the collection of all kinds of natural elements of the ecological environment as two systems which are independent but influence each other, and summarizes recent progress in the relationship between urbanization and eco-environment change from the perspective of theory and methodology respectively. Chinese scholars not only analyze the system coupling relationship and evolution rule between urbanization and eco-environment change, and evaluate the coupling mechanism of inter-elements and inter-system quantitatively, but also put forward approach to realize the coordination between urbanization and eco-environment. Overall speaking, the contents of domestic researches show the multi-dimensional characteristics in the contained factors and the involved subjects. The diversification methods, especially the“3S”technology and multiple quantitative analytical methods are used to obtain the statistics and analysis data effectively, to reveal the mutual influence of urbanization and ecological environment change, and to predict the evolution trend of the future. The research objects show regional features obviously. The developed areas and the areas with fragile eco-environment are always the research focuses. The peri-urban areas are being paid more and more attention. Some researches focus on the eco-environmental influence of the urbanization of many rural areas. But the theoretical and methodology basis has been weak relatively because these researches still stay at groping stage. At the same time, the lack of quantitative evaluation index system and the hysteresis passivity of relevant researches will block the research progress. In the future, the coupling theory of urbanization and ecological environment system framework and method system, the index system of observation and evaluation, the warning mechanism, and the urban ecological space expansion and optimization methods will be the main research directions. In addition, the exchanges and cooperation of different subjects should be strengthened, to provide more solid foundation for the research of urbanization and eco-environment system coupling.