热带地理
熱帶地理
열대지리
TROPICAL GEOGRAPHY
2014年
2期
209-216
,共8页
解说效果%国家认同%文化遗产%结构方程模型(SEM)%黄埔军校旧址纪念馆
解說效果%國傢認同%文化遺產%結構方程模型(SEM)%黃埔軍校舊阯紀唸館
해설효과%국가인동%문화유산%결구방정모형(SEM)%황포군교구지기념관
interpretive effectiveness%national identity%cultural heritage%Structural Equation Model (SEM)%the Whampoa Military Academy Memorial
通过对黄埔军校旧址纪念馆游客的问卷调查，应用结构方程模型（Structural Equation Modeling，SEM）探讨了旅游解说对于游客形成国家认同的作用、机制与效果，检验3种主流解说效果评价模式的有效性和适用性。研究表明：解说效果与吸引物的类型及其保护和利用目的密切相关；游客解说有助于游客形成国家认同，可增进游客对历史的认知，增强其爱国意识和情感。文化遗产类吸引物的解说遵循着效果结构模式，其对游客的影响依循着知识获得-情感（态度）转变-行为调整的顺序渐进。同时，解说也会对游客的行为产生即时的直接影响。在文化遗产类吸引物的解说中，认知环节在很大程度上决定着解说的效果，解说手册和多媒体讲解系统对于帮助游客获得知识起着重要的作用。文化遗产旅游地除了配备相应的人员解说外，还应当重视非人员解说系统的建设和青少年游客的解说需求。
通過對黃埔軍校舊阯紀唸館遊客的問捲調查，應用結構方程模型（Structural Equation Modeling，SEM）探討瞭旅遊解說對于遊客形成國傢認同的作用、機製與效果，檢驗3種主流解說效果評價模式的有效性和適用性。研究錶明：解說效果與吸引物的類型及其保護和利用目的密切相關；遊客解說有助于遊客形成國傢認同，可增進遊客對歷史的認知，增彊其愛國意識和情感。文化遺產類吸引物的解說遵循著效果結構模式，其對遊客的影響依循著知識穫得-情感（態度）轉變-行為調整的順序漸進。同時，解說也會對遊客的行為產生即時的直接影響。在文化遺產類吸引物的解說中，認知環節在很大程度上決定著解說的效果，解說手冊和多媒體講解繫統對于幫助遊客穫得知識起著重要的作用。文化遺產旅遊地除瞭配備相應的人員解說外，還應噹重視非人員解說繫統的建設和青少年遊客的解說需求。
통과대황포군교구지기념관유객적문권조사，응용결구방정모형（Structural Equation Modeling，SEM）탐토료여유해설대우유객형성국가인동적작용、궤제여효과，검험3충주류해설효과평개모식적유효성화괄용성。연구표명：해설효과여흡인물적류형급기보호화이용목적밀절상관；유객해설유조우유객형성국가인동，가증진유객대역사적인지，증강기애국의식화정감。문화유산류흡인물적해설준순착효과결구모식，기대유객적영향의순착지식획득-정감（태도）전변-행위조정적순서점진。동시，해설야회대유객적행위산생즉시적직접영향。재문화유산류흡인물적해설중，인지배절재흔대정도상결정착해설적효과，해설수책화다매체강해계통대우방조유객획득지식기착중요적작용。문화유산여유지제료배비상응적인원해설외，환응당중시비인원해설계통적건설화청소년유객적해설수구。
Based on the on-site questionnaire survey on tourists at the Whampoa Military Academy Memorial (WMAM),this paper uses the Structural Equation Model (SEM) to assess the effectiveness and mechanism of interpretation in achieving national identity in red attractions. It checks the viability of three mainstream interpretation effectiveness assessment approaches promoted respectively by Lavidge&Stenier (1961),Rokeach& Defleur (1976) and Wagar (1982) in red heritage sites. Data from over 302 tourists’ questionnaire were collected in March 2013. A comprehensive model based on the three approaches has been built and a Structural Equation Model is used for theory testing and development. Empirical results indicate that interpretation may contribute to the formation of national identity of visitors by greatly increasing their historical knowledge, evoking tourists’ patriotism and providing good emotional experience. But the effectiveness of interpretation varied in relation to the types of attractions and conservation goals the tourist sites want to achieve. The study shows that interpretive effectiveness in the WMAM supports Lavidge&Stenier’s effect-structure model, which claims that the influencing process of interpretation follows the sequence from knowledge gain, through emotion or attitude change, to behavior modification. The study also finds that interpretation may have an immediate direct impact on tourists’ behavior changes at the same time. In the information delivering process, knowledge restructuring plays an important role which decides to a large extent the effectiveness of interpretation. The interactive material such as manuals and multimedia systems played a vital role in the effectiveness of interpretive messages in the WMAM. Therefore, red heritage sites should pay more attention to the construction of non-personnel interpretation system and the needs of young tourists to fully exercise its educational functions.
