地域研究与开发
地域研究與開髮
지역연구여개발
AREAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
2014年
2期
146-152
,共7页
制度变革%农田生产%新疆生产建设兵团
製度變革%農田生產%新疆生產建設兵糰
제도변혁%농전생산%신강생산건설병단
system transformation%farmland production%Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
探讨制度变革对农田生产活动的影响可加深对中国农地制度变迁的理解，丰富和发展农业区位理论。通过实地调查新疆生产建设兵团某团三连农业生产管理体制的变革对农田生产活动的影响，首先，运用空间分析、统计分析等方法对比了制度变革前后农田生产活动的变化特征：制度变革后种植结构趋于多样化，棉花种植面积迅速降低，其他作物种植面积快速增加；多数农田（64．8％）投入减少；绝大部分农田（94．3％）生产效率提高。其次，运用相关分析、回归分析法，剖析了形成此现象的原因：①越倾向于认为体制因素是阻碍连队经济发展的职工，其作物种植种类越多；②制度变革后，生活费用增加的农户愿意增加农田投入，并通过调整生产要素投入结构来降低农田总投入成本；③制度变革后，生产资料的效用增强。结论：以农业生产的最小组织单元为研究对象，选取制度变革前后农业生产数据，测度新的政策方针对农户的影响，将更能真实地反映新制度的效应。
探討製度變革對農田生產活動的影響可加深對中國農地製度變遷的理解，豐富和髮展農業區位理論。通過實地調查新疆生產建設兵糰某糰三連農業生產管理體製的變革對農田生產活動的影響，首先，運用空間分析、統計分析等方法對比瞭製度變革前後農田生產活動的變化特徵：製度變革後種植結構趨于多樣化，棉花種植麵積迅速降低，其他作物種植麵積快速增加；多數農田（64．8％）投入減少；絕大部分農田（94．3％）生產效率提高。其次，運用相關分析、迴歸分析法，剖析瞭形成此現象的原因：①越傾嚮于認為體製因素是阻礙連隊經濟髮展的職工，其作物種植種類越多；②製度變革後，生活費用增加的農戶願意增加農田投入，併通過調整生產要素投入結構來降低農田總投入成本；③製度變革後，生產資料的效用增彊。結論：以農業生產的最小組織單元為研究對象，選取製度變革前後農業生產數據，測度新的政策方針對農戶的影響，將更能真實地反映新製度的效應。
탐토제도변혁대농전생산활동적영향가가심대중국농지제도변천적리해，봉부화발전농업구위이론。통과실지조사신강생산건설병단모단삼련농업생산관리체제적변혁대농전생산활동적영향，수선，운용공간분석、통계분석등방법대비료제도변혁전후농전생산활동적변화특정：제도변혁후충식결구추우다양화，면화충식면적신속강저，기타작물충식면적쾌속증가；다수농전（64．8％）투입감소；절대부분농전（94．3％）생산효솔제고。기차，운용상관분석、회귀분석법，부석료형성차현상적원인：①월경향우인위체제인소시조애련대경제발전적직공，기작물충식충류월다；②제도변혁후，생활비용증가적농호원의증가농전투입，병통과조정생산요소투입결구래강저농전총투입성본；③제도변혁후，생산자료적효용증강。결론：이농업생산적최소조직단원위연구대상，선취제도변혁전후농업생산수거，측도신적정책방침대농호적영향，장경능진실지반영신제도적효응。
The farmland production activities analysis is important in understanding the system transformation in rural China .This paper is based on a survey undertaken in a regiment of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in January and February 2008, February 2010.The survey covers these farmlands of 347.2 hm2 from 82 households .Data collected include 87 attributes for each household .The paper adopted spatial analysis and statisti-cal analysis , and found the variation of farmland production after the system transformation as the follows: ( 1 ) Planting structure become diversified , from one kind to eight kinds of plant , and cotton planting area decreased rap-idly, other crops planting area increased fast .(2) Many (64.8%) farmlands’ input being decreased , 20.3%of these reduced 10 000 yuan/hm2;(3) Most (94.3%) of farmlands’ production efficiency being higher than be-fore, 38.8%of these above 1.This paper adopted the correlation analysis and regression analysis to explore the formation reasons of this phenomenon , and the results were as the followings: ( 1 ) Workers who agreed with the system were the most important reason impacting company development tend to increasing their plant species ;(2) System transformation urges the workers increase their farmland input when they become richer , and reduce the to-tal cost of farmland through adjusting input structure;(3) System transformation reinforces the utility of production factors.The paper takes the smallest unit of agriculture production as the research object , selects the agricultural production data before and after the system transformation , and analyzes the influence mechanism of system trans-formation on farmland production activities , which can be reflected the effect of the new system well .
