CAJ | 학술논문

以彩色马蹄莲品种‘Parfait’(Zantedeschia hybrid ‘Parfait’)离体丛生芽块为实验材料,对其多倍体诱导过程中秋水仙素和二甲基亚砜(DMSO)浓度以及浸泡时间进行分析,并比较了多倍体与二倍体植株在叶形指数、气孔特征、叶绿素含量和染色体数的差异,最终通过回归分析确定最佳诱导条件。结果显示：随秋水仙素质量体积分数的提高及浸泡时间的缩短,各处理组的丛生芽存活率逐渐增加且均低于对照,而多倍体诱导率逐渐降低且均显著高于对照。综合考虑丛生芽存活率和多倍体诱导率等因素,根据回归分析确定‘Parfait’多倍体诱导的最佳条件为：丛生芽块在含质量体积分数0.20%秋水仙素和体积分数0.10% DMSO 的 MS 液体培养基中浸泡24 h,多倍体诱导率可达50.02%。比较分析结果表明：多倍体植株的叶片长度、厚度和长宽比分别为二倍体植株的1.23、1.19和2.93倍,保卫细胞的长度和宽度以及每气孔叶绿体数分别为二倍体植株的1.90、1.96和2.03倍,叶绿素 a 和总叶绿素含量分别为二倍体植株的1.28和1.17倍；但多倍体植株的叶宽和气孔密度均较小,分别仅为二倍体植株的42.08%和61.55%。除叶绿素 b 含量外,多倍体植株的其他生物学特性均与二倍体植株差异显著。染色体计数结果显示：获得的多倍体大多为四倍体,染色体数为2n =64,同时还得到了一些嵌合体和六倍体。研究结果表明：彩色马蹄莲品种‘Parfait’多倍体植株的多数生物学特性优于二倍体植株,且其对环境的适应性更强。
이채색마제련품충‘Parfait’(Zantedeschia hybrid ‘Parfait’)리체총생아괴위실험재료,대기다배체유도과정중추수선소화이갑기아풍(DMSO)농도이급침포시간진행분석,병비교료다배체여이배체식주재협형지수、기공특정、협록소함량화염색체수적차이,최종통과회귀분석학정최가유도조건。결과현시：수추수선소질량체적분수적제고급침포시간적축단,각처리조적총생아존활솔축점증가차균저우대조,이다배체유도솔축점강저차균현저고우대조。종합고필총생아존활솔화다배체유도솔등인소,근거회귀분석학정‘Parfait’다배체유도적최가조건위：총생아괴재함질량체적분수0.20%추수선소화체적분수0.10% DMSO 적 MS 액체배양기중침포24 h,다배체유도솔가체50.02%。비교분석결과표명：다배체식주적협편장도、후도화장관비분별위이배체식주적1.23、1.19화2.93배,보위세포적장도화관도이급매기공협록체수분별위이배체식주적1.90、1.96화2.03배,협록소 a 화총협록소함량분별위이배체식주적1.28화1.17배；단다배체식주적협관화기공밀도균교소,분별부위이배체식주적42.08%화61.55%。제협록소 b 함량외,다배체식주적기타생물학특성균여이배체식주차이현저。염색체계수결과현시：획득적다배체대다위사배체,염색체수위2n =64,동시환득도료일사감합체화륙배체。연구결과표명：채색마제련품충‘Parfait’다배체식주적다수생물학특성우우이배체식주,차기대배경적괄응성경강。
Taking in vitro multiple shoot clumps of Zantedeschia hybrid ‘ Parfait’ as experimental materials, colchicine and DMSO concentrations and their soaking time during polyploid induction process were analyzed, and differences in leaf indexes, stomatal characteristics, chlorophyll content and chromosome number between polyploid and diploid were compared, finally, the optimal induction condition was confirmed by regression analysis. The results show that with enhancing of colchicine mass-volume ratio and shortening of soaking time, survival rate of multiple shoot of different treatment groups increases gradually and is lower than that of the control, while polyploid induction rate decreases gradually and is significantly higher than that of the control. Comprehensively considering factors such as survival rate of multiple shoot and polyploid induction rate and according to regression analysis, the optimal induction condition of Z. hybrid ‘Parfait’ is soaking multiple shoot clumps in MS liquid medium containing mass-volume ratio 0. 20% colchicine and volume ratio 0. 10% DMSO for 24 h, its polyploid induction rate is up to 50. 02% . The comparison analysis results show that leaf length, leaf thickness and ratio of leaf length to leaf width of polyploid plants are 1. 23, 1. 19 and 2. 93 times to those of diploid plants, respectively. Length and width of guard cell and chloroplast number per stoma of polyploid plants are 1. 90, 1. 96 and 2. 03 times to those of diploid plants, respectively. Contents of chla and total chlorophyll of polyploid plants are 1. 28 and 1. 17 times to those of diploid plants, respectively. But leaf width and stomatal density of polyploid plants are smaller, which are only 42. 08% and 61. 55% of those of diploid plants, respectively. Except chlb content, there are significant differences in other biological characteristics between polyploid plants and diploid plants. The result of chromosome counting shows that polyploids obtained mostly are tetraploid with chromosome number of 2n =64, meanwhile, some chimera and hexaploid are obtained. It is suggested that most biological characteristics of Z. hybrid ‘ Parfait’ polyploids are better than those of its diploids, and the polyploids possess stronger adaptability to environment.