CAJ | 학술논문

采用液相化学还原法，以十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)作分散剂，抗坏血酸作还原剂还原硝酸银溶液制备太阳能电池用微细银粉，通过调节分散剂用量、pH值、Ag+浓度以及反应介质类型可以对银粉的粒径和分散性进行控制，并用XRD和SEM对所得到的银粉进行表征。结果表明：十二烷基三甲基溴化铵与银离子的结合以及自身长碳链的位阻效应能够在微细银粉的制备过程中起到很好的分散作用。通过工艺优化最终可得到平均粒径为0.7μm、振实密度为4.0 g/mL、分散性良好的球形或类球形银粉。以此银粉配制的银浆制成的多晶硅太阳能电池正面电极致密度高，光电转换效率可达17.8%。
채용액상화학환원법，이십이완기삼갑기추화안(CTAB)작분산제，항배혈산작환원제환원초산은용액제비태양능전지용미세은분，통과조절분산제용량、pH치、Ag+농도이급반응개질류형가이대은분적립경화분산성진행공제，병용XRD화SEM대소득도적은분진행표정。결과표명：십이완기삼갑기추화안여은리자적결합이급자신장탄련적위조효응능구재미세은분적제비과정중기도흔호적분산작용。통과공예우화최종가득도평균립경위0.7μm、진실밀도위4.0 g/mL、분산성량호적구형혹류구형은분。이차은분배제적은장제성적다정규태양능전지정면전겁치밀도고，광전전환효솔가체17.8%。
The highly dispersive ultra-fine spherical silver powder for solar cells was prepared by liquid phase reduction method using cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as the dispersant, ascorbic acid as the reducing agent reducing AgNO3 solution. The particle size and dispersion can be regulated by adjusting the amount of CTAB, pH, Ag+ concentration as well as reaction medium. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize the prepared silver particles. The results show that the combination between CTAB and Ag+ as well as the excellent steric hindrance effect are good for the dispersion of silver powder during the reaction. Silver powder with average particle size of 0.7μm, tap density of 4.0 g/mL can be obtained by the process optimal. The density of the front electrode of polycrystalline solar cells made by silver pastes prepared silver powder is high, and the photoelectric transformation efficiency reaches 17.6%.