CAJ | 학술논문

目的：分析重庆市小学五年级11岁学生生长发育与膳食营养摄入情况。方法根据经济发展水平的差异将重庆市划分为主城区、东北翼和东南翼三个片区，用整群分层随机抽样方法，选取2014名小学五年级11岁学生，测量身高、体重、上臂围和皮褶厚度，24 h回顾法进行膳食调查。结果主城区11岁男女学生身高均显著高于东北翼和东南翼地区(P<0.05)，男生体重显著高于两翼地区男生(P<0.05)，而东南翼女生体重和上臂围均显著低于主城区女生(P<0.05)。主城区学生人日均摄入肉类、奶类、鱼虾类、蔬菜以及水果的数量高于东南翼和东北翼的学生，但摄入粮谷类的数量比其他地区低(P<0.05)，与中国居民平衡膳食宝塔推荐的食物数量相比较，重庆市学生摄入的鱼虾类、蔬菜类、水果类和奶类都还明显不足。各地区相同性别学生能量摄入差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，维生素A、钙和锌摄入严重不足。结论主城区男女学生生长发育水平高于两翼地区，重庆市经济欠发达地区小学五年级学生膳食营养状况不理想，应采取有效措施积极改善学生膳食营养摄入。
목적：분석중경시소학오년급11세학생생장발육여선식영양섭입정황。방법근거경제발전수평적차이장중경시화분위주성구、동북익화동남익삼개편구，용정군분층수궤추양방법，선취2014명소학오년급11세학생，측량신고、체중、상비위화피습후도，24 h회고법진행선식조사。결과주성구11세남녀학생신고균현저고우동북익화동남익지구(P<0.05)，남생체중현저고우량익지구남생(P<0.05)，이동남익녀생체중화상비위균현저저우주성구녀생(P<0.05)。주성구학생인일균섭입육류、내류、어하류、소채이급수과적수량고우동남익화동북익적학생，단섭입량곡류적수량비기타지구저(P<0.05)，여중국거민평형선식보탑추천적식물수량상비교，중경시학생섭입적어하류、소채류、수과류화내류도환명현불족。각지구상동성별학생능량섭입차이무통계학의의(P>0.05)，유생소A、개화자섭입엄중불족。결론주성구남녀학생생장발육수평고우량익지구，중경시경제흠발체지구소학오년급학생선식영양상황불이상，응채취유효조시적겁개선학생선식영양섭입。
Objective To investigate the diet and nutritional status of the grade 5 primary school 11 years old students in Chongqing City. Methods According to the differences in the levels of economic development, Chongqing mainly di-vided into main city, Southeast and Northeast areas. Altogether 2014 students were randomly selected from the three areas of Chongqing City by stratified cluster random sampling survey. Their height, weight, upper arm circumference and skin-fold thickness were examined. Their food consumption and intake of nutrients were investigated by 24 hours recall method. Results The height of the same sex students and the weight of boys in main city area of Chongqing were significantly higher than that in Southeast and Northeast of Chongqing (P<0.05). The weight and upper arm circumfer-ence of girls in Southeast of Chongqing were significantly lower than that in main city area of Chongqing (P< 0.05). The same sex students in main city area of Chongqing ate more meat, fish, milk, fruits and vegetables, and less cereal grains than those in Southeast and Northeast of Chongqing (P< 0.05). The consumption of fish, vegetables, fruits and milk in Chongqing students was significantly less than the recommended amount of balance diet pagoda. The intake of energy in the same sex students had no statistically significance in different areas (P>0.05). The intake of vitamin A, calcium and zinc was not enough. Conclusion The growth and development of the grade 5 primary school students in main city of Chongqing is best than that in the Southeast area and Northeast area of Chongqing. The food consumption patterns are unbalance. The intake of some nutrients is inadequate. The growth and nutritional status of the grade 5 pri-mary school students in Chongqing are essential to be improved.