CAJ | 학술논문

为了满足人口增长对粮食的需求，保持水稻高产稳产和适应多变的环境显得尤为重要。水稻茎鞘储藏的非结构性碳水化合物(NSCs)可以在灌浆期光合受阻、非生物逆境胁迫时为产量形成提供同化物，从而缓解产量的降低。因此，茎鞘NSCs 积累转运性状是水稻产量形成和逆境抗性遗传改良的潜在目标性状，调控茎鞘 NSCs 的积累与分配也成为水稻肥水管理的一个重要目的。综述了水稻源-库-流特征、氮肥、水分、光强、环境温度和水稻抗倒伏能力与茎鞘储藏 NSCs 积累与再分配的关系，氮肥运筹、合理灌溉、栽插密度等栽培措施对茎鞘 NSCs 积累与再分配的调控。最后，讨论了茎鞘 NSCs 在水稻高产稳产和抗逆性中的作用。
위료만족인구증장대양식적수구，보지수도고산은산화괄응다변적배경현득우위중요。수도경초저장적비결구성탄수화합물(NSCs)가이재관장기광합수조、비생물역경협박시위산량형성제공동화물，종이완해산량적강저。인차，경초NSCs 적루전운성상시수도산량형성화역경항성유전개량적잠재목표성상，조공경초 NSCs 적적루여분배야성위수도비수관리적일개중요목적。종술료수도원-고-류특정、담비、수분、광강、배경온도화수도항도복능력여경초저장 NSCs 적루여재분배적관계，담비운주、합리관개、재삽밀도등재배조시대경초 NSCs 적루여재분배적조공。최후，토론료경초 NSCs 재수도고산은산화항역성중적작용。
High and stable grain yield of rice under changeable environments is significant for meeting the increasing food demand due to the rapid population growth.When assimilates are insufficient due to lower photosynthetic capability during the grain filling stage or under abiotic stresses,non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs)stored in the rice stems (leaf sheath and culm)may be as a source of carbohydrates for grain filling and relief of grain yield reduction. Considering the importance of NSCs,traits related to NSCs accumulation and re-partitioning are becoming a target for genetically improving grain yield and stress resistance in rice, and some attempts are made to regulate NSCs accumulation and re-partitioning by integrated crop management.We review effects of several factors on NSCs accumulation and re-partitioning,such as characteristics of source-flow-sink,nitrogen and water application,light density,ambient temperature,lodging resistance.On the other hand,we evaluate the regulation of NSCs accumulation and re-partitioning by optimization of nitrogen fertilizer application,irrigation and transplanting density.Additionally, roles of stem NSCs in increasing grain yield stability and stress resistance are discussed.