CAJ | 학술논문

脂肪组织中除含有脂肪细胞、结缔组织基质、神经组织、血管组织和免疫细胞外，还存在多能干细胞，其具有向脂肪细胞、成骨细胞、软骨细胞、肌细胞、内皮细胞、造血细胞、肝细胞和神经元细胞分化的潜能。此外，脂肪组织可分泌脂联蛋白、瘦蛋白、抵抗蛋白和肿瘤坏死因子等多肽物质，其中，瘦蛋白具有调解成骨和成脂分化信号转导通路的功能，既可增加细胞增殖和成骨分化能力以及矿化结节的数量，还可阻止细胞成脂分化。成骨细胞在分化过程中表达核心结合因子-α1、成骨细胞特异性转录因子、1型胶原、碱性磷酸酶、骨钙蛋白、骨桥蛋白和骨涎蛋白等细胞外基质蛋白和成骨相关因子，观察这些标志性基因的表达，可了解干细胞向成骨细胞分化成熟的状态。目前用于提高脂肪干细胞成骨分化能力的方法主要有外源性因子、基因工程技术和物理方法，也有学者利用生物力学方法对脂肪干细胞向成骨细胞分化进行调控。随着对脂肪干细胞不断深入的研究，可为骨缺损的修复带来极具意义的变化。
지방조직중제함유지방세포、결체조직기질、신경조직、혈관조직화면역세포외，환존재다능간세포，기구유향지방세포、성골세포、연골세포、기세포、내피세포、조혈세포、간세포화신경원세포분화적잠능。차외，지방조직가분비지련단백、수단백、저항단백화종류배사인자등다태물질，기중，수단백구유조해성골화성지분화신호전도통로적공능，기가증가세포증식화성골분화능력이급광화결절적수량，환가조지세포성지분화。성골세포재분화과정중표체핵심결합인자-α1、성골세포특이성전록인자、1형효원、감성린산매、골개단백、골교단백화골연단백등세포외기질단백화성골상관인자，관찰저사표지성기인적표체，가료해간세포향성골세포분화성숙적상태。목전용우제고지방간세포성골분화능력적방법주요유외원성인자、기인공정기술화물리방법，야유학자이용생물역학방법대지방간세포향성골세포분화진행조공。수착대지방간세포불단심입적연구，가위골결손적수복대래겁구의의적변화。
In?addition?to?containing?some?fat?cells,?connective?tissue?matrix,?nerve?tissues,?blood?vessels,?and?immune?cells?in?adipose?tissue,?some?multipotent?stem?cells?have?the?potential?of?fat?cells,?osteoblasts,?cartilage?cells,?muscle?cells,?endothelial?cells,?hematopoietic?cells,?liver?cells,?and?neuronal?cell?differentiation.?Adipose?tissues?can?secrete?polypeptide?materials,?such?as?adiponectin?proteins,?leptin,?resistance?proteins,?and?tumor?necrosis?factor.?Leptins?can?mediate?signal?transduction?between?osteogenesis?and?adipogenic?differentiation,?thereby?enhancing?cell?proliferation,?osteogenetic?differentiation?ability,?and?mineralized?nodule?number.?Leptins?can?also?prevent?cells?from?differentiating?into?adipocytes.?The?differentiation?process?of?osteogenesis?produces?extracellular?matrix?proteins?and?osteogenesis-related?factors,?such?as?core factor-α1, osteoblast-specific transcription factor, collagen type 1, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein, and?osteopontin.?By?determining?the?gene?expression?patterns,?the?mature?state?of?osteoblast?differentiation?of?stem?cells?can?be?investigated.?Exogenous?factor?regulation,?gene?engineering?regulation,?and?physical?methods?have?been?used?to?improvethe?osteogenetic?differentiation?ability?of?adipose?stem?cells.?In?addition,?some?researchers?have?employed?the?method?of?biomechanics.?Detailed?research?on?adipose?stem?cells?can?provide?useful?insights?into?bone?defect?repair.