CAJ | 학술논문

为了提高一方到多方量子秘密共享方案的量子比特容量，提出了一种基于六量子态的新方案。发送方首先根据共享秘密对初始的光子序列进行相应的酉操作，然后进行随机的酉操作并发送给接收方。接收方依次进行随机的酉操作，最后一位接收方将光子序列返回给发送方。发送方选用正确的测量基进行测量，并公布与测量结果有关的信息；接收方则根据该信息和各自的酉操作获得共享秘密。理论分析结果表明，当存在n位接收方时，所提方案的量子比特容量为1，而已有的类似方案为1/n，故前者具有容量高、所需量子资源少的优点。此外，所提方案中发送方负责测量，所有接收方只需执行酉操作，因此对接收方的设备要求低，特别适用于发送方设备条件远超过接收方的情况。
위료제고일방도다방양자비밀공향방안적양자비특용량，제출료일충기우륙양자태적신방안。발송방수선근거공향비밀대초시적광자서렬진행상응적유조작，연후진행수궤적유조작병발송급접수방。접수방의차진행수궤적유조작，최후일위접수방장광자서렬반회급발송방。발송방선용정학적측량기진행측량，병공포여측량결과유관적신식；접수방칙근거해신식화각자적유조작획득공향비밀。이론분석결과표명，당존재n위접수방시，소제방안적양자비특용량위1，이이유적유사방안위1/n，고전자구유용량고、소수양자자원소적우점。차외，소제방안중발송방부책측량，소유접수방지수집행유조작，인차대접수방적설비요구저，특별괄용우발송방설비조건원초과접수방적정황。
To improve the qubit capacity of quantum secret sharing ( QSS) schemes between one and many parties, a novel QSS scheme based on six states is proposed.In this scheme, the sender pre-pares a photon sequence, implements unitary operations according to the secret to be shared, and then performs random unitary operations before sending it to receivers.Afterwards, the receivers perform random unitary operations on the photon sequence in turn and the last one sends it back to the sender.The sender measures the photons by using correct measuring bases and broadcasts a piece of information related with the results.Then, the receivers acquire the shared secret based on the in-formation and their own unitary operations.The theoretical analysis results show that when there are n receivers, the qubit capacity of the proposed scheme is 1 while that of similar existed schemes is 1/n.So the former has a higher qubit capacity and saves quantum resource.In particular, in the pro-posed scheme, the sender performs the measurement while the receivers only need to perform unitary operations;thus, it has a low requirement for receivers'equipment.Therefore, it is extremely suit-able to the situation that the sender has much better equipment than receivers.