CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨新型护理干预对早产低出生体重儿喂养不耐受的影响。方法将78例适于胎龄的早产低体重儿分为两组各39例，对照组在常规治疗和静脉营养的基础上采用传统的护理方法，试验组在常规治疗和静脉营养基础上给予非营养性吸吮、微量泵间断胃管喂养、喂养后俯卧位及腹部抚触的措施，并贯穿在早产儿的日常护理中。观察两组喂养不耐受情况及呕吐、腹胀、胃残留发生情况，记录鼻胃管留置时间、恢复出生体质量时间及到达全肠道营养时间等。结果试验组患儿喂养不耐受发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)；试验组患儿达到全肠道营养时间、恢复出生体质量时间、鼻胃管留置时间、第1次排黄便时间均较对照组显著缩短(P<0.05)；试验组喂养出现腹胀、胃残留均显著少于对照组(P<0.05)。结论早产低体重儿喂养时给予新型护理干预能促进胃肠道功能的成熟，提高经肠道喂养的耐受性，有效减少喂养不耐受的发生。
목적：탐토신형호리간예대조산저출생체중인위양불내수적영향。방법장78례괄우태령적조산저체중인분위량조각39례，대조조재상규치료화정맥영양적기출상채용전통적호리방법，시험조재상규치료화정맥영양기출상급여비영양성흡전、미량빙간단위관위양、위양후부와위급복부무촉적조시，병관천재조산인적일상호리중。관찰량조위양불내수정황급구토、복창、위잔류발생정황，기록비위관류치시간、회복출생체질량시간급도체전장도영양시간등。결과시험조환인위양불내수발생솔현저저우대조조(P<0.05)；시험조환인체도전장도영양시간、회복출생체질량시간、비위관류치시간、제1차배황편시간균교대조조현저축단(P<0.05)；시험조위양출현복창、위잔류균현저소우대조조(P<0.05)。결론조산저체중인위양시급여신형호리간예능촉진위장도공능적성숙，제고경장도위양적내수성，유효감소위양불내수적발생。
Objective To explore the effect of new nursing intervention on premature and low birth weight infants with feeding intolerance. Methods 78 premature and low birth weight infants (appropriate-for-gestational-age) were divided into two groups, with 39 cases in each group. On the basis of routine therapy and parenteral nutrition, the control group received the routine nursing, while the experimental group received the nursing intervention (non-nutritive sucking, intermittent nasogastric feeding by micro pump, prone position after feeding, and abdominal touch) during daily care. The incidences of feeding intolerance, vomiting, abdominal distention, gastric residuals were observed, and the time of nasogastric tube indwelling, the time to regain birth weight and the time to reach full enteral nutrition were recorded. Results The incidence of feeding intolerance of experimental group was significantly lower than that of control group;The time to reach full enteral nutrition, the time to regain birth weight, time of nasogastric tube indwelling, and the time of first yellow defecation of experimental group were significantly shorter than those of control group; The incidences of abdominal distention, gastric residuals of experimental group was significantly lower than those of control group (all P<0.05). Conclusions New nursing intervention of premature and low birth weight infants during the feeding can promote the maturity of gastroenteric function, improve the tolerance of intestinal feeding, and reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance.