CAJ | 학술논문

不对称体系中的单向输运现象广泛存在于自然界中，宏观理论认为，体系的空间反演不对称性和有一定自相关时间的外加振动是引发单向运动的两个必要条件，因而一般认为，在分子尺度的不对称体系中，仅有热噪声也还是不会引发单向运动的。随着实验技术和计算手段的发展，有迹象表明，在分子尺度的不对称体系中，即使没有外加振动也会有单向运动产生。文章介绍在分子尺度由体系热噪声引发的不对称体系中，单向输运的理论进展，以及产生这种单向输运的条件。
불대칭체계중적단향수운현상엄범존재우자연계중，굉관이론인위，체계적공간반연불대칭성화유일정자상관시간적외가진동시인발단향운동적량개필요조건，인이일반인위，재분자척도적불대칭체계중，부유열조성야환시불회인발단향운동적。수착실험기술화계산수단적발전，유적상표명，재분자척도적불대칭체계중，즉사몰유외가진동야회유단향운동산생。문장개소재분자척도유체계열조성인발적불대칭체계중，단향수운적이론진전，이급산생저충단향수운적조건。
Biased transportation in asymmetric systems widely exist in nature. The mac-ro-scale theory indicates that breaking of the spatial inversion symmetry and external fluctuations with a certain auto-correlation time are two requirements for biased transportation. Thus, it is gen-erally believed that thermal noise alone cannot induce biased transportation in molecular-scale asymmetric systems. With the development of experimental technology and simulation methods, biased transportation has been observed in these systems even without external fluctuations. This article describes some recent theoretical research on biased transportation induced by thermal noise in molecular-scale asymmetric systems, and the necessary conditions.