现代地质
現代地質
현대지질
GEOSCIENCE-JOURNAL OF GRADUATE SCHOOL CHINA UNIVERSITY OF GEOSCIENCES
2014年
2期
243-255
,共13页
古风化壳%古气候%中元古代%华北克拉通
古風化殼%古氣候%中元古代%華北剋拉通
고풍화각%고기후%중원고대%화북극랍통
ancient weathering crust%paleoclimate%Mesoproterozoic Era%North China Craton
最近在河北涞水紫石口剖面的中元古界铁岭组-下马岭组界线(~1400 Ma)附近,发现了一套保存完好的碳酸盐岩古风化壳。野外观测和岩石矿物学研究显示,该古风化壳的岩性以含褐铁矿的铁质泥岩和伊利石粘土岩为主。相对上地壳平均化学组分来说,古风化壳的主量元素氧化物中Al2 O3、TiO2、Fe2 O3和K2 O富集,SiO2轻微亏损,CaO、MgO和Na2 O强烈亏损;微量元素中Sc、Cu、Ga、Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、In、Th、Li、V、Zn、Rb、Cs、W、Pb、U、Mo和Bi等化学性质稳定或易吸附于粘土中的元素含量接近上地壳平均化学组分值或呈不同程度富集,易溶元素Cr、Sr和Cd相对亏损;稀土元素全部富集,轻稀土元素与重稀土元素分异程度大,Ce正异常,Eu负异常。U/Th、Fe3+/Fe2+、Ce的正异常、化学蚀变指数与风化淋滤指数等多种指标都指示该古风化壳是在强氧化的中等到强烈的风化淋滤程度条件下形成。上述研究表明,在中元古代盖层纪(Calymmian Period,1600~1400 Ma)与延展纪(Ectasian Period,1400~1200 Ma)之交,剖面所在的华北克拉通北部应属于温暖湿润的热带-亚热带气候。
最近在河北淶水紫石口剖麵的中元古界鐵嶺組-下馬嶺組界線(~1400 Ma)附近,髮現瞭一套保存完好的碳痠鹽巖古風化殼。野外觀測和巖石礦物學研究顯示,該古風化殼的巖性以含褐鐵礦的鐵質泥巖和伊利石粘土巖為主。相對上地殼平均化學組分來說,古風化殼的主量元素氧化物中Al2 O3、TiO2、Fe2 O3和K2 O富集,SiO2輕微虧損,CaO、MgO和Na2 O彊烈虧損;微量元素中Sc、Cu、Ga、Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、In、Th、Li、V、Zn、Rb、Cs、W、Pb、U、Mo和Bi等化學性質穩定或易吸附于粘土中的元素含量接近上地殼平均化學組分值或呈不同程度富集,易溶元素Cr、Sr和Cd相對虧損;稀土元素全部富集,輕稀土元素與重稀土元素分異程度大,Ce正異常,Eu負異常。U/Th、Fe3+/Fe2+、Ce的正異常、化學蝕變指數與風化淋濾指數等多種指標都指示該古風化殼是在彊氧化的中等到彊烈的風化淋濾程度條件下形成。上述研究錶明,在中元古代蓋層紀(Calymmian Period,1600~1400 Ma)與延展紀(Ectasian Period,1400~1200 Ma)之交,剖麵所在的華北剋拉通北部應屬于溫暖濕潤的熱帶-亞熱帶氣候。
최근재하북래수자석구부면적중원고계철령조-하마령조계선(~1400 Ma)부근,발현료일투보존완호적탄산염암고풍화각。야외관측화암석광물학연구현시,해고풍화각적암성이함갈철광적철질니암화이리석점토암위주。상대상지각평균화학조분래설,고풍화각적주량원소양화물중Al2 O3、TiO2、Fe2 O3화K2 O부집,SiO2경미우손,CaO、MgO화Na2 O강렬우손;미량원소중Sc、Cu、Ga、Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、In、Th、Li、V、Zn、Rb、Cs、W、Pb、U、Mo화Bi등화학성질은정혹역흡부우점토중적원소함량접근상지각평균화학조분치혹정불동정도부집,역용원소Cr、Sr화Cd상대우손;희토원소전부부집,경희토원소여중희토원소분이정도대,Ce정이상,Eu부이상。U/Th、Fe3+/Fe2+、Ce적정이상、화학식변지수여풍화림려지수등다충지표도지시해고풍화각시재강양화적중등도강렬적풍화림려정도조건하형성。상술연구표명,재중원고대개층기(Calymmian Period,1600~1400 Ma)여연전기(Ectasian Period,1400~1200 Ma)지교,부면소재적화북극랍통북부응속우온난습윤적열대-아열대기후。
Recently,a well-preserved carbonate-derived Mesoproterozoic ancient weathering crust is identified at the boundary (~1 400 Ma)between the Tieling Formation and the Xiamaling Formation at the Zishikou sec-tion,Laishui County,Hebei Province.Based on the field observation and analyses of petrology and minera-logy,it can be referred that this ancient weathering crust is mainly composed of limonite-bearing ferric mudstone and illite claystone.Compared with element contents of the Upper Continental Crust,Al2 O3 ,TiO2 ,Fe2 O3 , K2 O in the ancient weathering crust have obvious and different enrichments,SiO2 is leached slightly and CaO, MgO,Na2 O are leached seriously,trace elements,including Sc,Cu,Ga,Zr,Hf,Nb,Ta,In,Th,Li,V, Zn,Rb,Cs,W,Pb,U,Mo,Bi,are unchanged or moderately enriched,but Cr,Sr,Cd are leached,REE are enriched and fractionated.Ce shows positive anomaly and Eu shows negative anomaly.All leaching and en-richment features,including that of U/Th,Fe3+/Fe2+,abnormality of Ce,variations of CIA and BA indexes, indicate that this ancient weathering crust should be formed under the oxidizing,moderate to strong degree of weathering conditions.Consequently,all analyses suggest that the north part of the North China Craton should be a warm and humid tropical to subtropical climate environment at the transitional time between the Calymmian Period (1 600~1400 Ma)and the Ectasian Period (1 400~1 200 Ma)of the Mesoproterozoic Era.