CAJ | 학술논문

非点源污染是威胁我国水体环境的重要因素之一。经过30多年的研究，非点源污染技术由初期的定性化研究转向了定量化研究，由统计、调查与机理研究转向了实用治理研究。就目前国内外众多的防治技术来看，大体可以分为两大类，即源防治和汇防治。源防治是从污染源头控制和减少氮、磷流失，也就是所谓的管道前端治理方法，主要通过耕种措施和田间管理、施肥措施管理及产业结构调整等技术控制氮、磷的排放量和流失量，以减少非点源污染。汇防治是相对于源防治的一类防治技术，也就是所谓的管道末端治理方法，着重于对污染物的去除和削减，主要方式有建立植物缓冲带和水塘-湿地系统。总结了近年来在非点源污染防治中应用上述技术的研究成果和现状，为今后的非点源污染防治提供参考。
비점원오염시위협아국수체배경적중요인소지일。경과30다년적연구，비점원오염기술유초기적정성화연구전향료정양화연구，유통계、조사여궤리연구전향료실용치리연구。취목전국내외음다적방치기술래간，대체가이분위량대류，즉원방치화회방치。원방치시종오염원두공제화감소담、린류실，야취시소위적관도전단치리방법，주요통과경충조시화전간관리、시비조시관리급산업결구조정등기술공제담、린적배방량화류실량，이감소비점원오염。회방치시상대우원방치적일류방치기술，야취시소위적관도말단치리방법，착중우대오염물적거제화삭감，주요방식유건립식물완충대화수당-습지계통。총결료근년래재비점원오염방치중응용상술기술적연구성과화현상，위금후적비점원오염방치제공삼고。
Non-point source pollution is one of the important factors that threaten the aquatic environ-ment in our country.After 30 years, research of non-point source pollution develops gradually from initial qualitative to quantitative , from statistics, investigation and mechanism to practical studies .Reviewing domes-tic and international prevention technology , two types of prevention can be summarized:Source and Sink . Source prevention is to control and reduce the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus from the pollution source , or the so-called front prevention .With certain control measures of cultivating , field management , fertilizing measures and industrial structural adjustment , the method aims to control the emission and loss of nitrogen and phos-phorus so as to reduce non-point pollution .Compared to the source , Sink prevention focuses on the pollutant removal and reduction through establishing plant buffer and pond wetland system , or the co-called end preven-tion.The paper reviewed researches applied such technology in prevention of non-point source pollution in re-cent years and it may provide a reference the future non-point pollution prevention .