南方农业学报
南方農業學報
남방농업학보
GUANGXI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2014年
3期
401-405
,共5页
林珊宇%朱桂宁%颜梅新%贤小勇
林珊宇%硃桂寧%顏梅新%賢小勇
림산우%주계저%안매신%현소용
瓜类%白粉病菌%醚菌酯%抗药性%敏感性%广西
瓜類%白粉病菌%醚菌酯%抗藥性%敏感性%廣西
과류%백분병균%미균지%항약성%민감성%엄서
melon%powdery mildew%kresoxim-methyl%resistance to fungicide%sensitivity%Guangxi
【目的】了解广西瓜类白粉病菌对醚菌酯的抗性水平、抗性菌株的分布和发展趋势，并筛选瓜类白粉病防治药剂，为瓜类白粉病的抗性预防及防治提供参考。【方法】2007~2012年从广西南宁、桂平、北海等地采集苦瓜、冬瓜、甜瓜、黄瓜和葫芦瓜白粉病菌样品，采用叶碟保湿培养法检测供试菌株对醚菌酯的抗药性，并选取高抗菌株测定其对多菌灵、肟菌酯和丙森锌的敏感性。【结果】供试的83个瓜类白粉病菌均已对醚菌酯产生了抗药性，抗性菌株主要集中在苦瓜白粉病菌，其抗性频率最高，为63.89%；在西葫芦上的抗性菌株频率最低，为6.67%。2007~2012年南宁市苦瓜白粉病菌对醚菌酯的抗性水平有所发展，高抗菌株群体已经形成。药剂筛选结果显示，对醚菌酯高抗的白粉病菌菌株对多菌灵有极高的耐药性，且对肟菌酯产生了交互抗性，但对丙森锌仍然敏感。【结论】广西瓜类白粉病菌对醚菌酯已产生较高的抗药性，生产中可与丙森锌交替使用防治瓜类白粉病。
【目的】瞭解廣西瓜類白粉病菌對醚菌酯的抗性水平、抗性菌株的分佈和髮展趨勢，併篩選瓜類白粉病防治藥劑，為瓜類白粉病的抗性預防及防治提供參攷。【方法】2007~2012年從廣西南寧、桂平、北海等地採集苦瓜、鼕瓜、甜瓜、黃瓜和葫蘆瓜白粉病菌樣品，採用葉碟保濕培養法檢測供試菌株對醚菌酯的抗藥性，併選取高抗菌株測定其對多菌靈、肟菌酯和丙森鋅的敏感性。【結果】供試的83箇瓜類白粉病菌均已對醚菌酯產生瞭抗藥性，抗性菌株主要集中在苦瓜白粉病菌，其抗性頻率最高，為63.89%；在西葫蘆上的抗性菌株頻率最低，為6.67%。2007~2012年南寧市苦瓜白粉病菌對醚菌酯的抗性水平有所髮展，高抗菌株群體已經形成。藥劑篩選結果顯示，對醚菌酯高抗的白粉病菌菌株對多菌靈有極高的耐藥性，且對肟菌酯產生瞭交互抗性，但對丙森鋅仍然敏感。【結論】廣西瓜類白粉病菌對醚菌酯已產生較高的抗藥性，生產中可與丙森鋅交替使用防治瓜類白粉病。
【목적】료해엄서과류백분병균대미균지적항성수평、항성균주적분포화발전추세，병사선과류백분병방치약제，위과류백분병적항성예방급방치제공삼고。【방법】2007~2012년종엄서남저、계평、북해등지채집고과、동과、첨과、황과화호호과백분병균양품，채용협설보습배양법검측공시균주대미균지적항약성，병선취고항균주측정기대다균령、우균지화병삼자적민감성。【결과】공시적83개과류백분병균균이대미균지산생료항약성，항성균주주요집중재고과백분병균，기항성빈솔최고，위63.89%；재서호호상적항성균주빈솔최저，위6.67%。2007~2012년남저시고과백분병균대미균지적항성수평유소발전，고항균주군체이경형성。약제사선결과현시，대미균지고항적백분병균균주대다균령유겁고적내약성，차대우균지산생료교호항성，단대병삼자잉연민감。【결론】엄서과류백분병균대미균지이산생교고적항약성，생산중가여병삼자교체사용방치과류백분병。
[Objective]The resistance level, distribution and development of melon powdery mildew isolates to kresoxim-methyl in Guangxi were identified and effective alternative fungicides were screened to provide references for prevention and controlling of melon powdery mildew. [Method]From 2007 to 2012, bitter gourd, wax gourd, muskmelon, cucumber and bottle gourd disease samples were collected from Nanning, Guiping, and Beihai, etc. Their isolates’ resistance to kresoxim-methyl were detected by leaf disk tests. Sensitivity of high-resistant isolates to carbendazim, trifloxystrobin and propineb were also analyzed. [Result]The results showed that 83 melon powdery mildew population produced resistance to kresoxim-methyl in varying degrees. Resistant isolates were mainly distributed in bitter gourd powdery mildew and their resistant fre-quency was the highest (63.89%), while bottle gourd isolates had the lowest resistant frequency (6.67%). The resistant level of bitter gourd powdery mildew against to kresoxim-methyl increased gradually from 2007 to 2012 in Nanning City, resulting in development of high-resistance population. Fungicide screening assay results indicated that powdery mildew isolates with highly resistant to kresoxim-methyl, were highly drug-fast to carbendazim and cross-resistant to trifloxystrobin, but was sensi-tive to propineb. [Conclusion]In Guangxi, melon powdery mildew isolates were highly resistant to kresoxim-methyl and al-ternate use of propineb in the production process could be recommended.
