CAJ | 학술논문

社区垃圾分类对生活垃圾减量化、资源化、无害化意义重大，但我国城市社区垃圾分类取得成功的案例并不多见。本文将垃圾分类看作“自上而下”实行的一套制度，借助制度社会学的视角分析影响垃圾分类效果的外部因素。通过实地调查发现：社区异质性和人口流动性引致的人口结构困境、“政府-物业”关系及其博弈形成的实施主体困境、自觉投放与实名监督效果差异引发的监督成本困境、年龄组居民环境行为差异为表征的环境“认知-行为”脱节困境共同构成了社区垃圾分类的结构性困境。
사구랄급분류대생활랄급감양화、자원화、무해화의의중대，단아국성시사구랄급분류취득성공적안례병불다견。본문장랄급분류간작“자상이하”실행적일투제도，차조제도사회학적시각분석영향랄급분류효과적외부인소。통과실지조사발현：사구이질성화인구류동성인치적인구결구곤경、“정부-물업”관계급기박혁형성적실시주체곤경、자각투방여실명감독효과차이인발적감독성본곤경、년령조거민배경행위차이위표정적배경“인지-행위”탈절곤경공동구성료사구랄급분류적결구성곤경。
Community garbage classification is vital to garbage reduction, recycling and harmless processing. However, successful cases of city community garbage classification in China are rare. This paper probes into the external factors preventing garbage classification with a perspective of institution sociology and views garbage classification as a top-down process. We found the following dilemmas through the survey: population structural dilemma caused by community heterogeneity and population mobility, dilemma of executive body caused by the government-property relation and gaming between the two, dilemma of supervision cost caused by the gap be-tween consciousness and supervisory, and dilemma caused by awareness-behavior gap of residents from varied age group. These dilemmas combine to constitute the structural dilemma in community waste classification.