CAJ | 학술논문

美国领先的军事技术和先进的武器装备与其国防研发投资紧密相关。美国在战略上高度重视研发投资对保持军事优势的作用，能够着眼于长远响应军事需求的变化，坚持均衡发展与重点投入相结合，通过建立军民一体化的研发体制保证研发投资的高效率。美国国防研发投资规模在长期内逐步增长，但在短期内存在一定的周期性。与其它国家相比，美国国防研发投资占国防费的比例较高。美国把对空军的研发投资摆在优先位置，而国防部本部的研发投资也日趋重要。从结构上看，美国对国防科技基础和产品开发的投资比例相对比较稳定，大致维持在1∶4左右。最后，从美国国防研发投资的战略和特点中得出了4点主要启示。
미국령선적군사기술화선진적무기장비여기국방연발투자긴밀상관。미국재전략상고도중시연발투자대보지군사우세적작용，능구착안우장원향응군사수구적변화，견지균형발전여중점투입상결합，통과건립군민일체화적연발체제보증연발투자적고효솔。미국국방연발투자규모재장기내축보증장，단재단기내존재일정적주기성。여기타국가상비，미국국방연발투자점국방비적비례교고。미국파대공군적연발투자파재우선위치，이국방부본부적연발투자야일추중요。종결구상간，미국대국방과기기출화산품개발적투자비례상대비교은정，대치유지재1∶4좌우。최후，종미국국방연발투자적전략화특점중득출료4점주요계시。
America's leading military technology and advanced weaponry are closely related to its defense R&D investments. Strategically,the United States attaches great importance to the R&D investments to maintain military superiority,and can take a long-term perspective to response to the change of military requirements,and adhere to the combination of bal-anced developments and key inputs.The United States ensure the high efficiency of defense R&D investment through the establishment of civil-military integration development system.The defense R&D investment scale of the United States is increasing gradually in the long term,but in the short term there is a certain periodicity.Compared with other countries, the defense R&D investment accounted for a higher proportion of America's defense expenditures.The United States place the R&D investments on the air force in priority.The R&D investment of defense-wide became more and more important. Look from the structure,the investment ratio that the United States put on defense science and technology and product de-velopment is relatively stable,roughly at around 1:4.We can draw four main enlightenments from the strategy and the characteristics of America's defense R&D investment.