CAJ | 학술논문

重金属污染是当前重点关注的环境问题之一，重金属生态风险评价是污染生态学的有效方法和手段之一。以闽东滨海湿地为例，对比了4种常用重金属风险评估方法在滨海湿地的适用性与优缺点。结果表明，不同方法在闽东滨海湿地风险评价结果上存在差异，其中海洋沉积物质量标准法所得风险高低顺序为Pb＝Cd＞Cu＞Zn，农田＞裸滩＝养殖场＞水域＝红树林，而其余3种评估方法得到的风险高低顺序一致，均为Cd＞Pb＞Cu＞Zn，红树林＞养殖场＞水域＞裸滩＞农田。但风险评级不同，地累积指数法评价结果风险偏小，潜在生态危害指数法评价结果适中，内梅罗综合指数法则偏重倾向较为严重。4种方法都有自身优缺点和适用范围，但潜在生态危害指数法更适合闽东滨海湿地沉降物重金属风险评价。
중금속오염시당전중점관주적배경문제지일，중금속생태풍험평개시오염생태학적유효방법화수단지일。이민동빈해습지위례，대비료4충상용중금속풍험평고방법재빈해습지적괄용성여우결점。결과표명，불동방법재민동빈해습지풍험평개결과상존재차이，기중해양침적물질량표준법소득풍험고저순서위Pb＝Cd＞Cu＞Zn，농전＞라탄＝양식장＞수역＝홍수림，이기여3충평고방법득도적풍험고저순서일치，균위Cd＞Pb＞Cu＞Zn，홍수림＞양식장＞수역＞라탄＞농전。단풍험평급불동，지루적지수법평개결과풍험편소，잠재생태위해지수법평개결과괄중，내매라종합지수법칙편중경향교위엄중。4충방법도유자신우결점화괄용범위，단잠재생태위해지수법경괄합민동빈해습지침강물중금속풍험평개。
Heavy metal pollution is one of the current focuses on environmental issues , and the ecological risk assessment of heavy metals is one of the most effective methods in pollution ecology .With the case study of heavy metals in surface sediments of coastal wetlands, the east Fujian, China, this paper made a comparative study on advantages and disadvantages and practicability of four common methods of risk assessment of heavy metals .The results indicated as follows .Evaluation results of the different methods were quite different .According to the assessment results of marine sediment quality criteria evaluation method , the pollution degree of four kinds of heavy metal was as following: Pb =Cd >Cu >Zn, farmland >bare beach =farm >water area =mangrove forest . Accordingto the assessment result with other 3 methods , the ecological risk of heavy metals was in the same order:all for Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn, mangrove forest>farm>water area>bare beach>farmland.However, risk rating of this 3 methods was different , The result of ecological risk was relatively low by cumulative index method , while potential ecological risk index was moderate and Nemerow index was relatively high .Each method had its own advantages and disadvantages and scope , but the potential ecological risk index was more suitable for risk assessment of heavy metals in coastal wetlands , the east Fujian, China .