同济大学学报（社会科学版）
同濟大學學報（社會科學版）
동제대학학보（사회과학판）
JOURNAL OF TONGJI UNIVERSITY (SOCIAL SCIENCE SECTION)
2014年
2期
42-50
,共9页
中美关系正常化%“台湾问题”%尼克松政府
中美關繫正常化%“檯灣問題”%尼剋鬆政府
중미관계정상화%“태만문제”%니극송정부
normalization of Sino-US relations%Taiwan issue%the Nixon administration
尼克松1972年访华后，曾承诺在第二届总统任期内实现中美关系正常化。众所周知，中美关系正常化最核心的问题是“台湾问题”，中国始终坚持美国在中美建交后要与台湾地区实现“断交、废约、撤军”，但美国却想在中美建交后仍然维持与台湾地区的官方往来。尼克松政府对这一问题的认识不足加之美国国内对此的分歧，致使1973年初尼克松认为能妥善解决的“台湾问题”，直到1974年仍无法与中方就此达成共识，并最终导致尼克松在辞职前就已放弃了在任期内实现中美关系正常化的努力。
尼剋鬆1972年訪華後，曾承諾在第二屆總統任期內實現中美關繫正常化。衆所週知，中美關繫正常化最覈心的問題是“檯灣問題”，中國始終堅持美國在中美建交後要與檯灣地區實現“斷交、廢約、撤軍”，但美國卻想在中美建交後仍然維持與檯灣地區的官方往來。尼剋鬆政府對這一問題的認識不足加之美國國內對此的分歧，緻使1973年初尼剋鬆認為能妥善解決的“檯灣問題”，直到1974年仍無法與中方就此達成共識，併最終導緻尼剋鬆在辭職前就已放棄瞭在任期內實現中美關繫正常化的努力。
니극송1972년방화후，증승낙재제이계총통임기내실현중미관계정상화。음소주지，중미관계정상화최핵심적문제시“태만문제”，중국시종견지미국재중미건교후요여태만지구실현“단교、폐약、철군”，단미국각상재중미건교후잉연유지여태만지구적관방왕래。니극송정부대저일문제적인식불족가지미국국내대차적분기，치사1973년초니극송인위능타선해결적“태만문제”，직도1974년잉무법여중방취차체성공식，병최종도치니극송재사직전취이방기료재임기내실현중미관계정상화적노력。
After his visit to China in 1 972,former US President Richard Nixon pledged to normalize Sino-US relations during his second term of presidency. Evidently, the core problem in the normalization of Sino-US relations was the Taiwan issue.China adhered to the three principles of“severance of diplomatic relations, revocation of treaty, and withdrawal of army after the establishment of diplomatic relations between the P.R.C.and US”;but the US still intended to maintain official exchanges with Taiwan.Though Nixon had thought the Taiwan issue would be properly resolved in early 1 973,his administration’s insensitivity to the problem,coupled with domestic divided opinions,led to the existence of disagreement on the issue until 1 974,which eventually led Nixon to abandon his efforts to normalize Sino-US relations before resignation.
