CAJ | 학술논문

为了探明散斑壳菌（Lophodermium spp．）分解利用针叶时的各纤维素酶酶解的作用机制和了解该菌的腐生性能，以华山松（ Pinus armandii）新近凋落针叶为底物进行纯培养分解试验。试验以针叶为唯一碳源，采用试管培养液法，对Lophodermium conigenum、L． pinastri、L． kumaunicum、L． sichuanense 和L． erlangshanense 5种散斑壳菌进行纯培养试验，同时测定针叶失重率和纤维素酶酶活大小。相关性分析表明，内切纤维素酶（ Endoglucanase， EG）、外切纤维素酶（ Cellobiohydrolase， CBH）与β-葡萄糖苷酶（β-glucosidase， BGL）三者之间存在一定协同效应（ L． pinastri与L． erlangshanense除外），特别是CBH与EG之间。各酶类活性大小是制约针叶纤维素分解的主要因素，协同效应强酶活高凋落针叶分解就越快。5种菌引起针叶质量损失率在8?5％～11?8％之间，各菌株引起针叶质量损失依次为L． pinastri＞L． sichuanense＞L． kumaunicum＞L． conigenum＞L． erlangshanense。5种菌均能分泌纤维素酶，对凋落针叶有一定分解能力，且EG、CBH与BGL之间存在不同程度的协同作用，属于兼性寄生物，但其腐生性不强。
위료탐명산반각균（Lophodermium spp．）분해이용침협시적각섬유소매매해적작용궤제화료해해균적부생성능，이화산송（ Pinus armandii）신근조락침협위저물진행순배양분해시험。시험이침협위유일탄원，채용시관배양액법，대Lophodermium conigenum、L． pinastri、L． kumaunicum、L． sichuanense 화L． erlangshanense 5충산반각균진행순배양시험，동시측정침협실중솔화섬유소매매활대소。상관성분석표명，내절섬유소매（ Endoglucanase， EG）、외절섬유소매（ Cellobiohydrolase， CBH）여β-포도당감매（β-glucosidase， BGL）삼자지간존재일정협동효응（ L． pinastri여L． erlangshanense제외），특별시CBH여EG지간。각매류활성대소시제약침협섬유소분해적주요인소，협동효응강매활고조락침협분해취월쾌。5충균인기침협질량손실솔재8?5％～11?8％지간，각균주인기침협질량손실의차위L． pinastri＞L． sichuanense＞L． kumaunicum＞L． conigenum＞L． erlangshanense。5충균균능분비섬유소매，대조락침협유일정분해능력，차EG、CBH여BGL지간존재불동정도적협동작용，속우겸성기생물，단기부생성불강。
In order to study the saprophytic ability of Lophodermium spp. and mechanism of each cellulase produced in the process of decomposing litters, newly litter needles from Pinus armandii were used as the decomposition material to conduct a decomposition experiment in pure culture. Five species of Lophodermium ( L. conigenum, L. pinastri, L. ku-maunicum, L. sichuanense, L. erlangshanense ) were cultivated, in which the needles were used as the sole carbon source. The weight loss rate of the needles and the cellulase enzyme activities (Filter paper activity(FPA), Endoglu-canase(EG), Cellobiohydrolase(CBH), β-glucosidase(BGL))were determined in the test. The correlation analysis showed that there was a certain synergistic effect among EG, CBH and BGL ( except L. pinastri and L. erlangshanense) , especially among CBH and EG. Cellulose decomposition was restricted by each enzyme activity, the litter needles could be decomposed faster with higher synergistic effect and high enzyme activity. The mass loss rates caused by five Lopho-dermium spp. was between 8?5%-11?8%, and which declined in the following order:L. pinastri>L. sichuanense>L. ku-maunicum>L. conigenum>L. erlangshanense. The five kinds of Lophodermium spp. can produce cellulase, and they have different levels of synergistic effect among EG, CBH and BGL. They all had certain ability to decompose the needles, and they are facultative parasites, but they have weak saprophytism.