CAJ | 학술논문

以9个薄壳山核桃优良品种为试材，采用数码照相、液体培养基法、联苯胺-过氧化氢测试等技术手段，分析不同薄壳山核桃品种的雌雄花特征，并测定了花粉活力和柱头可授性。结果表明：雄花在第Ⅴ阶段，即苞片与花轴间夹角为90°且花药变黄时为花粉采集的最佳时机，其中‘波尼’平均花粉活力最强；‘马汉’等品种柱头可授性从V字期起至倒八字初期（柱头开裂角度＞90°）逐渐增强，最强可授性可持续2～3 d；‘波尼’等品种柱头开裂角度较小，初开期即具可授性并逐渐增强至V字期（柱头开裂角度15°～90°），最强可授性可持续2～3 d；各品种柱头出现黑点时可授性丧失。该试验中，‘波尼’的散粉期与‘马汉’的可授期重叠时间最长，是较好的授粉配置品种。
이9개박각산핵도우량품충위시재，채용수마조상、액체배양기법、련분알-과양화경측시등기술수단，분석불동박각산핵도품충적자웅화특정，병측정료화분활력화주두가수성。결과표명：웅화재제Ⅴ계단，즉포편여화축간협각위90°차화약변황시위화분채집적최가시궤，기중‘파니’평균화분활력최강；‘마한’등품충주두가수성종V자기기지도팔자초기（주두개렬각도＞90°）축점증강，최강가수성가지속2～3 d；‘파니’등품충주두개렬각도교소，초개기즉구가수성병축점증강지V자기（주두개렬각도15°～90°），최강가수성가지속2～3 d；각품충주두출현흑점시가수성상실。해시험중，‘파니’적산분기여‘마한’적가수기중첩시간최장，시교호적수분배치품충。
During classified flowering period of nine excellent pecan ( Carya illinoinensis ) cultivars, flower morphological characteristics, pollen viability and stigma receptivity were measured by taking digital photos, in vitro ger-mination method and benzidine-H2 O2 testing. The results showed that optimal period for pollens collection was “stageⅤ” when the angle between bracts and catkin rachises were about 90° and anthers turned yellow. Among the tested cul-tivars,‘Pawnee’ had the highest pollen viability. For the pollen collection, some cultivars like‘Mahan’ was collected more easily when the open angles of stigmas from 90° turned to more than 90°, other cultivars like“Pawnee” had recep-tivity from the beginning when stigmas started open and got better when open angles got bigger from 15° to 90° , which were relatively smaller than the fomer. The optimal receptivity time for all cultivars were only lasted 2-3 days. Receptivi-ty would lost when black spots appeared on the stigmas. Pollen spreading time of‘Pawnee’ overlaid with best stigma re-ceptivity time of ‘Mahan’ , and the pollination time of ‘Pawnee’ and ‘Mahan’ was longer than others, so they were suggested to be optimal pollination cultivars.