CAJ | 학술논문

绝缘子各部位水滴撞击数不同其覆冰形态不同，为得到各因素对绝缘子不同部位水滴撞击特性的影响，建立风洞和复合绝缘子模型，将复合绝缘子分为伞上表面、伞下表面、伞边缘和芯棒4部分，研究水滴滴径、流速、气流倾角、温度等参数对绝缘子不同部位水滴撞击特性的影响，结果表明：滴径小于30μm时，水滴主要撞击在伞边缘和芯棒上，大于30μm后，水滴主要撞击在伞上表面；随流速增大，伞上表面水滴撞击数由增加趋势变为减小趋势，其临界水滴滴径为90μm，而伞边缘和芯棒水滴撞击数由增加趋势变为饱和，其临界滴径分别为30和50μm；水平气流时复合绝缘子水滴撞击数最少，气流从上至下时其水滴撞击率最大。滴径、流速和气流倾角对绝缘子局部水滴撞击特性均有较大影响且特点各异。
절연자각부위수적당격수불동기복빙형태불동，위득도각인소대절연자불동부위수적당격특성적영향，건립풍동화복합절연자모형，장복합절연자분위산상표면、산하표면、산변연화심봉4부분，연구수적적경、류속、기류경각、온도등삼수대절연자불동부위수적당격특성적영향，결과표명：적경소우30μm시，수적주요당격재산변연화심봉상，대우30μm후，수적주요당격재산상표면；수류속증대，산상표면수적당격수유증가추세변위감소추세，기림계수적적경위90μm，이산변연화심봉수적당격수유증가추세변위포화，기림계적경분별위30화50μm；수평기류시복합절연자수적당격수최소，기류종상지하시기수적당격솔최대。적경、류속화기류경각대절연자국부수적당격특성균유교대영향차특점각이。
The forms of ice coating covered on different parts of insulator depend on the impacting numbers of water droplets on these parts. To obtain the influences of various factors on the characteristics of different parts of insulator impacted by water droplets, both wind tunnel model and composite insulator model are established. A composite insulator is divided into four parts, namely the upper surface of the shed, the lower surface of the shed, the edge of the shed and the insulator core rod, to research the influences of such parameters as the diameter of water droplet (or medium volume diameter, MVD), the air current velocity, the tilt angle of air current and the temperature of air current on the characteristics of different parts of composite insulators impacted by water droplets. Research results show that when the MVD is less than 30μm, most of water droplets impact on the edge of the shed and the insulator core rod;when the MVD is bigger than 30μm, most water droplets impact on the upper surface of the shed;along with the increasing of air flow speed, the number of water droplets impacting the upper surface of the shed varies from increase to decrease and the critical MVD is 90 μm, and during this process the number of water droplets impacting the edge of the shed and the insulator core rod varies from increase to saturation and their critical MVD are 30 μm and 50 μm respectively; the number of water droplets impacting the composite insulator is the minimum under advectional current and the maximum under vertical air-stream with the direction from above down. The MVD, the velocity of air current and the tilt angle of air current influence the characteristics of water droplets locally impacting the insulator and their features are different.