CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解云南省怒江州儿童健康现状及危害儿童健康的影响因素。方法：选取佝偻病患病率、生长迟缓率、低体重率作为关键指标计算所需7岁以下儿童样本量，使用四阶段抽样方法进行抽样。通过问卷调查、个人深入访谈和焦点组讨论等方法收集相关数据和信息，利用SAS9．2和Nvivo 8．0软件，并采用卡方检验和质性分析法对定量与定性资料进行分析。结果：2011年怒江州婴儿死亡率为13．14‰，分别是全国和云南省的1．1倍和1．15倍；5岁以下儿童死亡率为16．35‰，分别是全国和云南省的1．05倍和1．13倍，是世界发达国家的2．19倍；5岁以下儿童中、重度营养不良患病率为2．32％，是全国平均水平的1．54倍；低出生体重发生率为1．41％。而抽样调查显示，佝偻病、生长迟缓及低体重等营养性疾病患病率分别为36．13％、25．81％和20．98％，营养性疾病较为严重。结论：怒江州儿童健康问题较为严重，营养性疾病尤为突出，政策制度、经济发展水平、文化风俗习惯、地理条件、卫生服务能力、儿童家长/看护人知识文化水平等因素是较为重要的影响因素。建议：加强政策支持力度，发展地方经济，逐步改善影响儿童健康的社会和政策环境；加强机构、人员能力建设，提高服务的可及性和服务质量；普及健康教育知识，增强保健意识，改善健康行为。
목적：료해운남성노강주인동건강현상급위해인동건강적영향인소。방법：선취구루병환병솔、생장지완솔、저체중솔작위관건지표계산소수7세이하인동양본량，사용사계단추양방법진행추양。통과문권조사、개인심입방담화초점조토론등방법수집상관수거화신식，이용SAS9．2화Nvivo 8．0연건，병채용잡방검험화질성분석법대정량여정성자료진행분석。결과：2011년노강주영인사망솔위13．14‰，분별시전국화운남성적1．1배화1．15배；5세이하인동사망솔위16．35‰，분별시전국화운남성적1．05배화1．13배，시세계발체국가적2．19배；5세이하인동중、중도영양불량환병솔위2．32％，시전국평균수평적1．54배；저출생체중발생솔위1．41％。이추양조사현시，구루병、생장지완급저체중등영양성질병환병솔분별위36．13％、25．81％화20．98％，영양성질병교위엄중。결론：노강주인동건강문제교위엄중，영양성질병우위돌출，정책제도、경제발전수평、문화풍속습관、지리조건、위생복무능력、인동가장/간호인지식문화수평등인소시교위중요적영향인소。건의：가강정책지지력도，발전지방경제，축보개선영향인동건강적사회화정책배경；가강궤구、인원능력건설，제고복무적가급성화복무질량；보급건강교육지식，증강보건의식，개선건강행위。
Objective:To determine children ’ s health status and influential factors in Nujiang prefecture , Yun-nan.Methods:Rickets morbidity rate , growth retardation rate , and low-weight rate were selected as the key indica-tors to calculate the sample size by using four-stage-sampling procedure .The data was collected through questionnaire survey, in-depth interviews, and focus-group discussions .χ2 test and qualitative analysis were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data .Results:The infant mortality rate was 13.14 %in 2011, which was 1.1 and 1.15 times more than the national and provincial average .The mortality rate of children under five was 16.35%in 2011, which was 1.05 and 1.13 times more than the national and provincial average .It was also 2.19 times more than the average in developed countries .The prevalence of medium and severe malnutrition in children under five was 2 .32%, which was 1 .54 times more than the national average .The incidence of low birth weight was 1 .41%.The research shows that the rates of rickets , growth retardation , and low-weight were 36.13%, 25.81%and 20.98%,and nutritional diseases are more serious .Conclusion:There are serious health problems for children in Nujiang pre-fecture, especially nutritional diseases .Influential factors include health policy and system , economic development, customs, geography, health service capacity , and parental health knowledge Suggestion:The government should im-prove top-level design , strengthen policy support , and develop the local economy in order to solve the social and poli-cy environment factors .Institutions and human capacity should be strengthened , access and quality of services should be improved , health education should be popularized , and health awareness and behaviors should be improved .