沙漠与绿洲气象
沙漠與綠洲氣象
사막여록주기상
DESERT AND OASIS METEOROLOGY
2014年
2期
27-33
,共7页
塔克拉玛干沙漠%荒漠过渡带%廓线%对比分析
塔剋拉瑪榦沙漠%荒漠過渡帶%廓線%對比分析
탑극랍마간사막%황막과도대%곽선%대비분석
Taklimakan desert%desert transitional zone%profile%comparative analysis
利用沙漠北缘肖塘气象站的气象观测资料遴选不同天气型，截取哈德、肖塘10 m自动气象观测系统2011年7月的梯度资料，对沙漠-绿洲交错带内相距50 km的肖塘、哈德两种不同下垫面近地层风速、温度和相对湿度的日变化规律及其廓线进行对比分析，结论如下：（1）近地层0.5~10 m高度范围内风速随高度的增大而增大，晴天和雨天1、2 m处风速变化较大，发生沙尘暴时2m为风速切变点，其中肖塘地区比哈德地区风速日变化明显；（2）肖塘地区温度变化也比哈德地区明显，升温快，降温也快，尤其是晴天，发生沙尘暴时2m温度变化明显；（3）湿度变化与温度变化紧密相关，还与近地面风速的大小有关，晴天时2m处湿度变化较明显，沙尘暴和降水过程时1m是相对湿度变化的转折点，晴天和沙尘暴时哈德地区湿度变化大于肖塘地区，与降水过程情况相反。
利用沙漠北緣肖塘氣象站的氣象觀測資料遴選不同天氣型，截取哈德、肖塘10 m自動氣象觀測繫統2011年7月的梯度資料，對沙漠-綠洲交錯帶內相距50 km的肖塘、哈德兩種不同下墊麵近地層風速、溫度和相對濕度的日變化規律及其廓線進行對比分析，結論如下：（1）近地層0.5~10 m高度範圍內風速隨高度的增大而增大，晴天和雨天1、2 m處風速變化較大，髮生沙塵暴時2m為風速切變點，其中肖塘地區比哈德地區風速日變化明顯；（2）肖塘地區溫度變化也比哈德地區明顯，升溫快，降溫也快，尤其是晴天，髮生沙塵暴時2m溫度變化明顯；（3）濕度變化與溫度變化緊密相關，還與近地麵風速的大小有關，晴天時2m處濕度變化較明顯，沙塵暴和降水過程時1m是相對濕度變化的轉摺點，晴天和沙塵暴時哈德地區濕度變化大于肖塘地區，與降水過程情況相反。
이용사막북연초당기상참적기상관측자료린선불동천기형，절취합덕、초당10 m자동기상관측계통2011년7월적제도자료，대사막-록주교착대내상거50 km적초당、합덕량충불동하점면근지층풍속、온도화상대습도적일변화규률급기곽선진행대비분석，결론여하：（1）근지층0.5~10 m고도범위내풍속수고도적증대이증대，청천화우천1、2 m처풍속변화교대，발생사진폭시2m위풍속절변점，기중초당지구비합덕지구풍속일변화명현；（2）초당지구온도변화야비합덕지구명현，승온쾌，강온야쾌，우기시청천，발생사진폭시2m온도변화명현；（3）습도변화여온도변화긴밀상관，환여근지면풍속적대소유관，청천시2m처습도변화교명현，사진폭화강수과정시1m시상대습도변화적전절점，청천화사진폭시합덕지구습도변화대우초당지구，여강수과정정황상반。
Using the data from the Xiaotang meteorological observation station at the northern margin of the Taklimakan We classfied desert different weather types,and analyzed the diurnal variation and profile of wind speed, temperature,relative humidity changes near the ground between Xiaotang and Hade, based on the gradient data from the automatic meteorological observation system at 10 m in July 2011,where are in distance of 50 km each other but have two kinds of different underlying surface in the desert-oasis ecotone. The conclusions were as follows:(1)the wind speed at 0.5~10 m increased with the height increasing, the wind speed at 1m and 2 m changed significantly in sunny and rainy days, the velocity had a big change at 2 m where was the shear point in sandstorms, the diurnal variation of wind speed changed more obviously in Xiaotang than Hade;(2)temperature changes were also more obviously in Xiaotang than Hade,Xiaotang gets fast heated and fast cooled, especially in sunny day, that may be due to different underlying surface, temperature changed markedly when occurred sandstorms at 2 m;(3)humidity and temperature change were closely related, also related to the speed of the wind near the ground, humidity changed obviously at 2 m when sunny, 1 m above the ground was a turning point of relative humidity to sandstorms and precipitation, the humidity change in Hade was bigger than in Xiaotang in sunshine and sandstorm weather, and the precipitation process was opposite.
