CAJ | 학술논문

对原初性、根本性、整体性的追求是古代学术思想的一个突出特征，而持续的分裂则不断消解着这种追求，明代学术亦如此。明初，理学思想影响下的明道论、功业论、教化论流行，永乐后建立了以政事为中心，道德、政事、文章一体的学术思想体系，实现了政治权力下的学术整体化。弘、正间，复古诸子打破台阁一统的局面，学术分裂为气节、文章，道德、政事不再是学术的中心。嘉靖时出现了对气节、文章的反思，王阳明则将道德、事功、文章、气节均统一于良知之下，既改变个体气质，又以积极入世的面目出现，从而获得了一统学术的号召力。但晚明士人的思想核心是解脱、自适，由此出发，他们对道德、政事、气节、文章一一加以解构，学术再次呈现为完全的分裂状态。
대원초성、근본성、정체성적추구시고대학술사상적일개돌출특정，이지속적분렬칙불단소해착저충추구，명대학술역여차。명초，이학사상영향하적명도론、공업론、교화론류행，영악후건립료이정사위중심，도덕、정사、문장일체적학술사상체계，실현료정치권력하적학술정체화。홍、정간，복고제자타파태각일통적국면，학술분렬위기절、문장，도덕、정사불재시학술적중심。가정시출현료대기절、문장적반사，왕양명칙장도덕、사공、문장、기절균통일우량지지하，기개변개체기질，우이적겁입세적면목출현，종이획득료일통학술적호소력。단만명사인적사상핵심시해탈、자괄，유차출발，타문대도덕、정사、기절、문장일일가이해구，학술재차정현위완전적분렬상태。
The pursuit of originality, fundamentality and integrity is the peculiar characteristic of an-cient academic thought. Continuous splitting deconstructs this pursuit, so is in Ming Dynasty. In Ear-ly Ming Dynasty, theory of knowing reason, theory of achievement and theory of didactics become popular under the influence of Confucianism and an academic system integrated with morality, poli-tics and writing centered on politics is founded during the reign of Yongle. An academic integration is realized under the control of political power. During the reign of Hong and Zheng, scholars re-store to the ancient ways and break the reign of this system, splitting academy into integrity, writing, morality and politics is not the center any longer. There appears a reflection on integrity and writing and WANG Yang-ming attributes morality, achievement, writing and integrity into good conscience, changing individual temperament, participating into the world actively so as to acquire some uniting academic rallying point. However the core of the thought of scholars in late Ming Dynasty is libera-tion, freedom and starts from this, they deconstruct morality, politics, integrity, writing and academic circle again shows a splitting situation.