CAJ | 학술논문

在全球石油资源日益紧缺，环保要求日益严苛的情况下，以动植物油脂为原料通过催化加氢来制备生物燃油的研究方向备受关注。然而，能否经济、高效地将动植物油脂转化为生物燃油，催化剂是关键。因此，开发具有高活性、高选择性的催化剂成为该研究方向的重点。通过对动植物油脂加氢制备生物燃油的各类催化剂进行综述，总结了不同类型催化剂所具有的特点，并认为贵金属催化剂可使动植物油脂转化按照加氢、脱羧、裂化、异构化的反应途径进行的多功能催化剂，但基于其加氢脱氧转化率不高，裂化异构化性能不足等问题，认为可以通过载体改性、贵金属负载方式改进以及进行孔道修饰等来提高催化剂的加氢脱氧活性以及对轻质烷烃和异构化烷烃的选择性。
재전구석유자원일익긴결，배보요구일익엄가적정황하，이동식물유지위원료통과최화가경래제비생물연유적연구방향비수관주。연이，능부경제、고효지장동식물유지전화위생물연유，최화제시관건。인차，개발구유고활성、고선택성적최화제성위해연구방향적중점。통과대동식물유지가경제비생물연유적각류최화제진행종술，총결료불동류형최화제소구유적특점，병인위귀금속최화제가사동식물유지전화안조가경、탈최、열화、이구화적반응도경진행적다공능최화제，단기우기가경탈양전화솔불고，열화이구화성능불족등문제，인위가이통과재체개성、귀금속부재방식개진이급진행공도수식등래제고최화제적가경탈양활성이급대경질완경화이구화완경적선택성。
With global crude oil resources declining day by day and the increasingly stringent environmental re-quirements,the research direction of preparation of bio-fuels through catalytic hydrogenation of animal fats and vegetable oils has attached much attention.However,the catalyst was critical factor for whether the conversion of animal fats and vegetable oils to bio-fuels was economic and efficient.Therefore,the focus of the direction was to develop highly active and highly selective catalysts.In this paper,the catalysts for preparation of bio-fu-els through hydrogenation of animal fats and vegetable oils were reviewed,the advantages and disadvantages of different catalysts were summarized,what noble metal catalysts can build the multifunctional catalysts cataly-zing reaction through the reaction pathway of hydrogenation,decarboxylation,cracking,isomerization was con-sidered,as well as the effective way and program for further designing the multifunctional catalysts with high hydrodeoxygenation(HDO)activity and selectivity of light alkanes and isomerization of alkanes,such as modif-ying carrier,altering precious metal loading patterns and modifying pores ,were proposed.