CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探索不同功能孤独症儿童能力发育特征及差异。方法159例13~71月龄的孤独症儿童（高功能孤独症儿童85例，低功能孤独症儿童74例），采用修订版心理教育评定量表（PEP-R）中的功能发展量表，测评及分析其能力发育水平。结果同一年龄段内，不同功能孤独症儿童能力发育均存在明显不均衡，差异有统计学意义（H=41.68~113.51， P<0.01），高功能孤独症儿童以认知理解障碍最突出，认知理解与认知表达发育不协调，而大肌肉发育基本正常；低功能孤独症儿童能力发育全方面落后，其中以模仿、认知理解及认知表达障碍最突出。随着年龄的增长，高功能孤独症儿童在模仿、知觉、认知理解、认知表达及总体发育商有逐步上升的趋势，差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）；低功能孤独症儿童在认知理解及总体发育商上则有逐步下降的趋势，差异也有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。结论孤独症儿童能力发育进展和次序存在异常；随着年龄增长，不同功能孤独症儿童的能力发育趋势存在明显差异。
목적：탐색불동공능고독증인동능력발육특정급차이。방법159례13~71월령적고독증인동（고공능고독증인동85례，저공능고독증인동74례），채용수정판심리교육평정량표（PEP-R）중적공능발전량표，측평급분석기능력발육수평。결과동일년령단내，불동공능고독증인동능력발육균존재명현불균형，차이유통계학의의（H=41.68~113.51， P<0.01），고공능고독증인동이인지리해장애최돌출，인지리해여인지표체발육불협조，이대기육발육기본정상；저공능고독증인동능력발육전방면락후，기중이모방、인지리해급인지표체장애최돌출。수착년령적증장，고공능고독증인동재모방、지각、인지리해、인지표체급총체발육상유축보상승적추세，차이유통계학의의（P균<0.05）；저공능고독증인동재인지리해급총체발육상상칙유축보하강적추세，차이야유통계학의의（P균<0.05）。결론고독증인동능력발육진전화차서존재이상；수착년령증장，불동공능고독증인동적능력발육추세존재명현차이。
Objective To explore the developmental characteristics of different functional levels of autism and the diffe-rence in children. Methods A total of 159 autistic children aged 13-71 months including 85 high-functioning autistic (HFA) chil-dren and 74 low-functioning autistic (LFA) children were evaluated for their developmental characteristics by the development scales from the psycho-educational profile-revised (PEP-R). Results Within the same age group, both HFA and LFA children had obvious unbalance in individual ability development (H=41.68~113.51, P<0.01). Impaired cognitive performance is most common in HFA children. The development of cognitive performance was inconsistent with cognitive expression while the gross motor development was normal. The ability development in LFA children were all impaired, especially in imitation, cogni-tive performance and cognitive expression. With increasing age, the scores of imitation, perception, cognitive performance, cog-nitive expression and overall development quotient were increased gradually in HFA children (P<0.05) while the scores of cogni-tive performance and overall development quotient were decreased in LFA children. Conclusions Autistic children tend to have abnormal developmental progress and order, and individual ability development varies by functional level in autistic children with increasing age.