CAJ | 학술논문

极地海区浮游动物对全球气候变化的响应极其敏感，其群落结构已成为研究全球变化对海洋生态系统影响的重要指标，而DNA条形码则是浮游动物种类鉴定的有效工具。采用线粒体细胞色素c 氧化酶第一亚基编码基因（mtCOI）特异扩增测序的方法，分析了南大洋32种常见浮游动物的94条DNA条形码序列，其长度分布在830碱基到1050碱基之间。发现南极常见浮游动物种内遗传差异均值为0．67％，分布在0-2．6％之间；同属近源种间遗传差异均值为14．3％，分布在0．1％-29．3％之间。哲水蚤属的近缘哲水蚤（Calanus propinquus）和C．simillimus遗传相似度非常高。考虑到上述两者在形态和遗传上的相似性，本研究认为两种可能为同种异名，有待开展深入研究确认C． simillimus种的地位。除了哲水蚤属的两种外，所有样品种内、种间遗传差异显著，且同种的不同样品都聚到一起形成单系群。结果表明mtCOI序列可以作为DNA 条形码实现南极浮游动物常见种的准确鉴定（水母和海樽等胶质浮游动物的有效性未验证）。以上结果也得到了示踪向量分析的证实。本研究新增的DNA条形码数据以及新提供的兼并引物必将推动南极浮游动物环境样品的宏基因组学研究。
겁지해구부유동물대전구기후변화적향응겁기민감，기군락결구이성위연구전구변화대해양생태계통영향적중요지표，이DNA조형마칙시부유동물충류감정적유효공구。채용선립체세포색소c 양화매제일아기편마기인（mtCOI）특이확증측서적방법，분석료남대양32충상견부유동물적94조DNA조형마서렬，기장도분포재830감기도1050감기지간。발현남겁상견부유동물충내유전차이균치위0．67％，분포재0-2．6％지간；동속근원충간유전차이균치위14．3％，분포재0．1％-29．3％지간。철수조속적근연철수조（Calanus propinquus）화C．simillimus유전상사도비상고。고필도상술량자재형태화유전상적상사성，본연구인위량충가능위동충이명，유대개전심입연구학인C． simillimus충적지위。제료철수조속적량충외，소유양품충내、충간유전차이현저，차동충적불동양품도취도일기형성단계군。결과표명mtCOI서렬가이작위DNA 조형마실현남겁부유동물상견충적준학감정（수모화해준등효질부유동물적유효성미험증）。이상결과야득도료시종향량분석적증실。본연구신증적DNA조형마수거이급신제공적겸병인물필장추동남겁부유동물배경양품적굉기인조학연구。
Polar zooplankton are particularly sensitive to climate change,and have been applied as‘rapid-responders’of climate-induced change in this fragile ecosystem.DNA barcoding provides an alternative approach for rapid species identification of zooplankton in the Southern Ocean,which will accelerate the routine monitoring of zooplankton community structure.Ninety-four specimens belonging to 32 Antarctic zooplankton were barcoded to provide a more comprehensive reference library.An 830 to 1 050 base-pair region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI)gene was obtained as a DNA barcode.The intraspecific variation of the gene ranged from 0 to 2.6%(p-distance),with an average of 0.67%(SD=0.67%).The counterpart between species within the same genera ranged from 0.1% (Calanus)to 29.3%,with an average of 1 5.3% (SD =8.4%).The morphological and genetic similarities between C.propinquus and C.simillimus raise new questions about the status of C.simillimus as a different species.With the exception of the two Calanus species (C.propinquus and C.simillimus ),the intraspecific genetic divergence was much smaller than interspecific divergence among the congenus species, confirming the existence of a barcode gap for Antarctic zooplankton.In addition,all species clustered into a mono-phyletic clade except for Calanus species.Hence,DNA barcoding is confirmed as an accurate and efficient approach for zooplankton identification in the Southern Ocean (species belonging to jellyfish and doliolum were not tested).Confirming evidence was also provided by indicator vector analysis.The new primer sets issued here will facilitate study of the species composition of Antarctic marine zooplankton by single-gene based environmental metagenomic analysis.