CAJ | 학술논문

为给安徽淮北地区晚播小麦的高产高效栽培提供技术支撑,以近年来淮北地区主导小麦品种济麦22为试验材料,研究了淮北地区晚播条件下不同氮肥运筹和播种密度对小麦群体总茎数、产量及其构成要素的影响。结果表明,不同播种密度下晚播小麦群体的总茎数变化一致,呈明显的单峰变化趋势,除返青期外,总茎数均以基本苗525万/hm2(以D525表示,下同)处理最大；晚播小麦的籽粒产量以D450最高,为8823.3 kg/hm2,但不同密度间的产量差异不显著；进一步分析表明,随着播种密度的增加,穗数升高,穗粒数降低,千粒质量变化不明显；不同氮肥运筹方式下晚播小麦群体总茎数的变化与不同密度处理表现趋同,即亦呈单峰变化趋势,同时适当延迟氮肥追施时间有助于稳定晚播小麦生育后期的群体总茎数；不同氮肥运筹间晚播小麦的穗粒数、生物学产量、经济系数的差异均未达到显著水平,但籽粒产量以基追比为4∶6(孕穗期)处理最高,为8618.0 kg/hm2,除与10∶0(基施)处理间差异显著外,与其他施肥处理间的差异并未达到显著水平。
위급안휘회북지구만파소맥적고산고효재배제공기술지탱,이근년래회북지구주도소맥품충제맥22위시험재료,연구료회북지구만파조건하불동담비운주화파충밀도대소맥군체총경수、산량급기구성요소적영향。결과표명,불동파충밀도하만파소맥군체적총경수변화일치,정명현적단봉변화추세,제반청기외,총경수균이기본묘525만/hm2(이D525표시,하동)처리최대；만파소맥적자립산량이D450최고,위8823.3 kg/hm2,단불동밀도간적산량차이불현저；진일보분석표명,수착파충밀도적증가,수수승고,수립수강저,천립질량변화불명현；불동담비운주방식하만파소맥군체총경수적변화여불동밀도처리표현추동,즉역정단봉변화추세,동시괄당연지담비추시시간유조우은정만파소맥생육후기적군체총경수；불동담비운주간만파소맥적수립수、생물학산량、경제계수적차이균미체도현저수평,단자립산량이기추비위4∶6(잉수기)처리최고,위8618.0 kg/hm2,제여10∶0(기시)처리간차이현저외,여기타시비처리간적차이병미체도현저수평。
With a medium gluten wheat variety Jimai 22 as the test material,a field experiment was carried out at Mengcheng of Anhui Province to study the effects of nitrogen application and density on the all stems and yield of late-sown wheat. The amount of all stems of the tested variety under different densities were all increased after emer-gence,reached the highest at jointing stage,and decreased afterwards,showing single peak curves for all densities, and the treatment of D525 has the largest stems at all growth stages expect seedling. The D450 has the highest grain yield,being 8 823. 3 kg/ha, while no significant difference compared with other densities. With the increase of planting density,grain number per spike decreased,spike number increased,but no obvious change on 1000-grain weight. The number of all stems changed in different nitrogen applications was the same as densities;appropriate de-laying nitrogen topdressing time contributes to the stability of late-sown wheat stems. The differences among different nitrogen applications of late-sown wheat spike number,biological yield,economic coefficient were not significant,but the grain yield of 4∶6 (Booting stage) treatment was the highest,being 8 618. 0 kg/ha,which showed no significant difference with others but the exception of 10∶0 ( Basal) treatment.