岩矿测试
巖礦測試
암광측시
ROCK AND MINERAL ANALYSIS
2014年
3期
426-432
,共7页
邵红%刘相龙%王大卫%徐微雪
邵紅%劉相龍%王大衛%徐微雪
소홍%류상룡%왕대위%서미설
膨润土%壳聚糖%聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵%含油废水%红外光谱%X射线衍射%扫描电镜
膨潤土%殼聚糖%聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化銨%含油廢水%紅外光譜%X射線衍射%掃描電鏡
팽윤토%각취당%취이갑기이희병기록화안%함유폐수%홍외광보%X사선연사%소묘전경
bentonite%chitosan%PDMDAAC%oily wastewater%Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrosocopy%X-ray Diffraction%Scanning Electron Microscope
含油废水污染范围广，对人类和生态环境危害大。采用常规方法（如浮选法、絮凝法、电化学法、膜分离法和生物法）处理的除油率不高于91%，成本较高，因此急需开发一种高效低廉的吸附剂。膨润土是一种优良的吸附剂，但用其直接处理含油废水的效果较低。本文选用壳聚糖和PDMDAAC两种有机物作为改性剂，对钠基膨润土改性，使膨润土能有效地处理含油废水。通过实验比较了两种有机改性膨润土处理含油废水的最佳去除条件，探讨了表征对其吸附性能的影响。去油效果结果表明：壳聚糖改性膨润土的除油率可达87.8%，PDMDAAC 改性膨润土的除油率可达89.3%，处理所需时间少于15 min；除油效率和处理时间都优于常规方法。吸附性能表征结果显示，两种改性剂均以负载的方式和钠基膨润土颗粒结合，吸附性能良好；相比而言，PDMDAAC改性膨润土的处理效果比壳聚糖改性膨润土更好。PDMDAAC应用于含油废水的处理，具有成本低、效率高、操作简单的特点，在含油废水处理领域具有较好的应用前景。
含油廢水汙染範圍廣，對人類和生態環境危害大。採用常規方法（如浮選法、絮凝法、電化學法、膜分離法和生物法）處理的除油率不高于91%，成本較高，因此急需開髮一種高效低廉的吸附劑。膨潤土是一種優良的吸附劑，但用其直接處理含油廢水的效果較低。本文選用殼聚糖和PDMDAAC兩種有機物作為改性劑，對鈉基膨潤土改性，使膨潤土能有效地處理含油廢水。通過實驗比較瞭兩種有機改性膨潤土處理含油廢水的最佳去除條件，探討瞭錶徵對其吸附性能的影響。去油效果結果錶明：殼聚糖改性膨潤土的除油率可達87.8%，PDMDAAC 改性膨潤土的除油率可達89.3%，處理所需時間少于15 min；除油效率和處理時間都優于常規方法。吸附性能錶徵結果顯示，兩種改性劑均以負載的方式和鈉基膨潤土顆粒結閤，吸附性能良好；相比而言，PDMDAAC改性膨潤土的處理效果比殼聚糖改性膨潤土更好。PDMDAAC應用于含油廢水的處理，具有成本低、效率高、操作簡單的特點，在含油廢水處理領域具有較好的應用前景。
함유폐수오염범위엄，대인류화생태배경위해대。채용상규방법（여부선법、서응법、전화학법、막분리법화생물법）처리적제유솔불고우91%，성본교고，인차급수개발일충고효저렴적흡부제。팽윤토시일충우량적흡부제，단용기직접처리함유폐수적효과교저。본문선용각취당화PDMDAAC량충유궤물작위개성제，대납기팽윤토개성，사팽윤토능유효지처리함유폐수。통과실험비교료량충유궤개성팽윤토처리함유폐수적최가거제조건，탐토료표정대기흡부성능적영향。거유효과결과표명：각취당개성팽윤토적제유솔가체87.8%，PDMDAAC 개성팽윤토적제유솔가체89.3%，처리소수시간소우15 min；제유효솔화처리시간도우우상규방법。흡부성능표정결과현시，량충개성제균이부재적방식화납기팽윤토과립결합，흡부성능량호；상비이언，PDMDAAC개성팽윤토적처리효과비각취당개성팽윤토경호。PDMDAAC응용우함유폐수적처리，구유성본저、효솔고、조작간단적특점，재함유폐수처리영역구유교호적응용전경。
Oil-bearing wastewater pollution has noxious effects on human health and the ecological environment. Oil-bearing wastewater treatments are less efficient by traditional methods ( flotation method, flocculation technology, electrochemistry method, membrane separation and biological method ) which yield than 91%recovery. Therefore,it is urgent to develop a new kind of high efficiency and cheap adsorbent. Bentonite is an excellent adsorbent,but the effect to oil-bearing wastewater treatment could be improved significantly. The main purpose of this study is to prepare a high efficient modified bentonite for oil-bearing wastewater treatment. Chitosan and PDMDAAC as modifiers were used respectively to prepare a series of cationic polymer modified bentonite. The optimal conditions and properties for modified bentonite to adsorb oil in oil-bearing wastewater were investigated and compared. Experimental results show that removing rates were improved to 87. 8% and 89. 3% by using chitosan-bentonite and PDMDAAC-bentonite,respectively. The processing time is shorter than 15 min. Compared with the traditional method,the new method is less time-consuming and has a higher efficiency. With Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy( FT-IR),X-ray Diffraction( XRD)and Scanning Electron Microscope( SEM),the results show that chitosan and PDMDAAC is coated as Na+-bentonite. Comparisons of adsorption performance show that PDMDAAC-bentonite is an improvement on chitosan-bentonite. PDMDAAC-bentonite has high efficiency,low cost and is easy to operate,and can be used in wastewater treatment extensively.
