CAJ | 학술논문

为研究饲粮脂肪水平对育成期银狐生长性能、营养物质消化率及氮代谢的影响，选取12周龄左右、体重相近的健康雄性银狐50只，随机分成5组（每组10个重复，每个重复1只），分别饲喂添加8％（Ⅰ组）、10％（Ⅱ组）、12％（Ⅲ组）、14％（Ⅳ组）和16％（Ⅴ组）混合油脂（鸡油∶豆油＝11∶）的试验饲粮，试验饲粮对应的脂肪水平为9．9％、11．7％、13．3％、15．6％、17．4％。预试期为20 d，正试期为55 d。结果表明：1）饲粮脂肪水平对育成期银狐平均日增重、干物质采食量、日采食代谢能和料重比均无显著影响（ P＞0．05）。2）饲粮脂肪水平极显著影响育成期银狐脂肪和碳水化合物消化率（ P＜0．01），显著影响总能消化率（ P＜0．05），而对蛋白质和干物质消化率无显著影响（ P＞0．05）。随饲粮脂肪水平的升高，脂肪和总能消化率提高，碳水化合物消化率降低。其中，Ⅴ组较Ⅰ组脂肪和总能消化率分别提高了11．48％（ P＜0．01）和4．98％（ P＜0．05），而碳水化合物消化率则降低了12．41％（ P＜0．01）。3）饲粮脂肪水平对育成期银狐食入氮和粪氮无显著影响（P＞0．05），而极显著影响尿氮、氮沉积、净蛋白质利用率和蛋白质生物学价值（P＜0．01）。其中，尿氮以Ⅴ组最高，Ⅰ组最低，组间差异极显著（ P＜0．01）；氮沉积、净蛋白质利用率和蛋白质生物学价值以Ⅰ组最高，Ⅴ组最低，组间差异极显著（ P＜0．01）。综合各项指标，从降低环境污染和饲料成本以及保证银狐生长性能的角度出发，育成期银狐饲粮中以添加8％的混合油脂使饲粮脂肪水平达到9．9％为宜。
위연구사량지방수평대육성기은호생장성능、영양물질소화솔급담대사적영향，선취12주령좌우、체중상근적건강웅성은호50지，수궤분성5조（매조10개중복，매개중복1지），분별사위첨가8％（Ⅰ조）、10％（Ⅱ조）、12％（Ⅲ조）、14％（Ⅳ조）화16％（Ⅴ조）혼합유지（계유∶두유＝11∶）적시험사량，시험사량대응적지방수평위9．9％、11．7％、13．3％、15．6％、17．4％。예시기위20 d，정시기위55 d。결과표명：1）사량지방수평대육성기은호평균일증중、간물질채식량、일채식대사능화료중비균무현저영향（ P＞0．05）。2）사량지방수평겁현저영향육성기은호지방화탄수화합물소화솔（ P＜0．01），현저영향총능소화솔（ P＜0．05），이대단백질화간물질소화솔무현저영향（ P＞0．05）。수사량지방수평적승고，지방화총능소화솔제고，탄수화합물소화솔강저。기중，Ⅴ조교Ⅰ조지방화총능소화솔분별제고료11．48％（ P＜0．01）화4．98％（ P＜0．05），이탄수화합물소화솔칙강저료12．41％（ P＜0．01）。3）사량지방수평대육성기은호식입담화분담무현저영향（P＞0．05），이겁현저영향뇨담、담침적、정단백질이용솔화단백질생물학개치（P＜0．01）。기중，뇨담이Ⅴ조최고，Ⅰ조최저，조간차이겁현저（ P＜0．01）；담침적、정단백질이용솔화단백질생물학개치이Ⅰ조최고，Ⅴ조최저，조간차이겁현저（ P＜0．01）。종합각항지표，종강저배경오염화사료성본이급보증은호생장성능적각도출발，육성기은호사량중이첨가8％적혼합유지사사량지방수평체도9．9％위의。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary fat level on growth performance, nu-trient digestibility and nitrogen metabolism of silver foxes in growing period.Fifty male silver foxes aged about 12 weeks with similar body weight were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 replicates per group and 1 fox per replicate, they were fed experimental diets supplemented with 8%( group Ⅰ) , 10%( group Ⅱ) , 12%( group Ⅲ) , 14%( groupⅣ) and 16%( groupⅤ) mixed oil ( chicken oil ∶soybean oil=1 1∶) , and the corre-sponding dietary fat levels were 9.9%, 11.7%, 13.3%, 15.6%and 17.4%, respectively.The adaptation peri-od lasted for 20 days and the formal period lasted for 55 days.The results showed as follows: 1 ) dietary fat level had no significant effects on the average daily gain, dry matter intake, daily metabolizable energy intake and feed/gain (P>0.05).2) Dietary fat level had a significant effect on the digestibility of fat (P<0.01), gross energy (P<0.05) and carbohydrate (P<0.01), but had no significant effect on the digestibility of dry matter and protein ( P>0.05) .The digestibility of fat and gross energy was increased with dietary fat level in-creasing, while the digestibility of carbohydrate was declined.Compared with groupⅤ, the digestibility of fat and gross energy in groupⅠwas increased by 11.48%( P<0.01) and 4.98%( P<0.05) , respectively, while the digestibility of carbohydrate was decreased by 12.41%(P<0.01).3) Dietary fat level had no significant effects on nitrogen intake and fecal nitrogen ( P>0.05) , but had significant effects on urea nitrogen, nitrogen retention, net protein utilization and biological value of protein ( P<0.01) .The urea nitrogen in groupⅤwas the highest and that in groupⅠwas the lowest, and a significant difference was found between groupsⅤandⅠ ( P<0.01); the nitrogen retention, net protein utilization and biological value of protein in group Ⅰ were the highest and those in group Ⅴ were the lowest, and significant differences were found between groups Ⅰand Ⅴ( P<0.01) .Considering all indices, the 8%is considered to be an optimal supplemental level of mixed oil in the diet ( dietary fat level is 9.9%) for silver foxes in terms of reducing feed expenses and environmental pollution, and maintaining growth performance.