CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在研究不同花粉对越冬蜜蜂群势和存活率的影响。在云南西部冬季缺少粉源的野坝子花期，选取本地意大利蜜蜂（ Apis mellifera L．）越冬蜂群18群，随机分为2个试验组（A组和B组）和1个对照组（C组），每组设6个重复。 A组：补饲天然花粉，B组：补饲人工代用花粉，C组：不补饲花粉。试验期为120 d。结果表明：蜜蜂对天然花粉、人工代用花粉均有采食行为，蜜蜂更喜欢采食天然花粉；补饲2种花粉均能促进越冬蜜蜂群势增长，并提高存活率（ P＜0．05）；天然花粉促进蜜蜂群势增长和存活率的作用优于人工代用花粉，但差异不显著（ P＞0．05）。由此得出，天然花粉和人工代用花粉均可促进越冬蜂群的繁殖，并延长蜜蜂个体的寿命，二者均可作为越冬蜜蜂的饲粮。
본시험지재연구불동화분대월동밀봉군세화존활솔적영향。재운남서부동계결소분원적야패자화기，선취본지의대리밀봉（ Apis mellifera L．）월동봉군18군，수궤분위2개시험조（A조화B조）화1개대조조（C조），매조설6개중복。 A조：보사천연화분，B조：보사인공대용화분，C조：불보사화분。시험기위120 d。결과표명：밀봉대천연화분、인공대용화분균유채식행위，밀봉경희환채식천연화분；보사2충화분균능촉진월동밀봉군세증장，병제고존활솔（ P＜0．05）；천연화분촉진밀봉군세증장화존활솔적작용우우인공대용화분，단차이불현저（ P＞0．05）。유차득출，천연화분화인공대용화분균가촉진월동봉군적번식，병연장밀봉개체적수명，이자균가작위월동밀봉적사량。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different pollens on colony population and sur-vival rate of overwintering honey bees.Eighteen overwintering honey bee colonies of local Italian honey bees ( Apis mellifera L.) were selected in western Yunnan during blooming season of Elsholtziarugulosa hems L.in winter, when there was few pollen sources.The selected honey bee colonies were randomly divided into 2 ex-perimental groups ( groups A and B) and a control group ( group C) , and each group contained 6 colonies of honey bees.The honey bees in groups A and B were supplied natural pollen and pollen substitute, respectively, while those in control group were not supplied pollen.The experiment lasted for 120 days.The results showed as follows:honey bees showed feeding behavior to natural pollen and pollen substitute, but honey bees prefer natural pollen to pollen substitute.Both natural pollen and pollen substitute could promote colony population growth and increase survival rate of honey bees ( P<0.05) , and natural pollen was superior to pollen substi-tute, but differences were not significant ( P>0.05).In conclusion, both natural pollen and pollen substitute can be as a diet for overwintering honey bees to promote breeding of honey bee colonies and to prolong individ-ual life of honey bees.