CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加酵母细胞壁（ yeast cell wall，YCW）对母猪繁殖性能、乳成分和免疫指标的影响。选取80头体况相近的PIC妊娠母猪（3～6胎），随机分成2组，每组40个重复，每个重复1头母猪。对照组母猪饲喂基础饲粮，YCW组母猪饲喂基础饲粮并添加0．2％YCW。试验时间从妊娠第1天至分娩并持续到哺乳期第21天结束。结果表明：与对照组相比，饲粮中添加YCW显著降低了母猪死胎数（P＜0．05）和宫内生长迟缓仔猪发生率（P＝0．01），改善了仔猪断奶体重和仔猪体增重（P＜0．10），相应地，仔猪断奶窝重和窝增重均有提高（P＝0．05）；显著提高了母猪哺乳第10天乳中乳蛋白（ P＜0．05）、非脂固形物（ P＜0．05）和乳糖（ P＝0．01）含量，母猪哺乳第21天乳中乳糖含量仍然有提高的趋势（ P＝0．08）；对妊娠母猪分娩时血清和初乳中免疫球蛋白含量无显著影响（ P＞0．05）；显著降低了母猪胎儿胎盘中Toll样受体-2和白细胞介素-1β基因表达量（ P＝0．05），且母猪胎儿胎盘中肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子-6基因表达量有降低的趋势（ P＝0．10）。研究表明，母猪妊娠期和哺乳期饲粮中添加YCW能显著降低母猪死胎数和宫内生长迟缓仔猪发生率，这可能与YCW改善母猪胎儿胎盘先天性免疫力有关；同时，妊娠期和哺乳期饲粮中添加YCW 还能通过改善母猪乳成分，提高哺乳期仔猪生长性能。
본시험지재연구사량중첨가효모세포벽（ yeast cell wall，YCW）대모저번식성능、유성분화면역지표적영향。선취80두체황상근적PIC임신모저（3～6태），수궤분성2조，매조40개중복，매개중복1두모저。대조조모저사위기출사량，YCW조모저사위기출사량병첨가0．2％YCW。시험시간종임신제1천지분면병지속도포유기제21천결속。결과표명：여대조조상비，사량중첨가YCW현저강저료모저사태수（P＜0．05）화궁내생장지완자저발생솔（P＝0．01），개선료자저단내체중화자저체증중（P＜0．10），상응지，자저단내와중화와증중균유제고（P＝0．05）；현저제고료모저포유제10천유중유단백（ P＜0．05）、비지고형물（ P＜0．05）화유당（ P＝0．01）함량，모저포유제21천유중유당함량잉연유제고적추세（ P＝0．08）；대임신모저분면시혈청화초유중면역구단백함량무현저영향（ P＞0．05）；현저강저료모저태인태반중Toll양수체-2화백세포개소-1β기인표체량（ P＝0．05），차모저태인태반중종류배사인자수체상관인자-6기인표체량유강저적추세（ P＝0．10）。연구표명，모저임신기화포유기사량중첨가YCW능현저강저모저사태수화궁내생장지완자저발생솔，저가능여YCW개선모저태인태반선천성면역력유관；동시，임신기화포유기사량중첨가YCW 환능통과개선모저유성분，제고포유기자저생장성능。
This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary yeast cell wall ( YCW) on reproductive performance, milk composition and immunological parameters of sows.Eighty PIC sows were allotted to two groups (40 replicates per group and 1 piglet per replicate) according to the parity (3 to 6 parities) and body condition score, receiving a basal diet ( control group) and the basal diet supplemented with 0.2% YCW ( YCW group) , respectively.The experimental period was from the first day of gestation to parturition and las-ted until the day 21 of lactation.The results showed that compared with control group, dietary YCW signifi-cantly decreased the number of stillborn piglets ( P<0.05) and the occurrence rate of intrauterine growth retar-dation (IUGR) piglets (P=0.01); moreover, the weaning weight and weight gain of piglets tended to im-prove(P<0.10); accordingly, weaning litter weight and litter weight gain of piglets were improved ( P=0.05); moreover, the contents of protein ( P<0.05) , non-fat solids ( P<0.05) and lactose ( P=0.01) in milk on the day 10 of lactation were significantly increased; additionally, lactose content in milk tended to be in-creased on the day 21 of lactation ( P=0.08);the contents of immunoglobulin in both serum and colostrums at farrowing did not markedly differ among the two groups (P>0.05), but feeding YCW diet markedly down-regulated the gene expression levels of Toll-like receptor-2 and interleukin-1βin placental tissue of sows ( P=0.05) , while the placental gene expression of factor receptor associated factor-6 in sows tended to decrease (P=0.10).In conclusion, dietary YCW throughout gestation and lactation markedly reduces the number of stillborn piglets and the occurrence rate of IUGR piglets, which may be associated with the better placental in-nate immunity by YCW diet.Meanwhile, feeding YCW diet can enhance the growth performance of neonatal piglets via improving the milk composition of sows.