CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同水平的β-胡萝卜素对肉牛生产性能、抗氧化功能、血液生理指标和肉品质的影响。选用体况良好、平均体重为（381．00±26．01） kg的西门塔尔杂交阉牛120头，随机分为4组，每组30头，对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加600、1200和1800 mg/d β-胡萝卜素的试验饲粮。预试期10 d，正试期90 d。结果表明：1）饲粮添加不同水平的β-胡萝卜素对末重、平均日增重和干物质采食量的影响均不显著（ P＞0．05）。2）与对照组相比，1200 mg/d β-胡萝卜素试验组显著提高了血清谷胱甘肽（ GSH）含量和总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）活性（P＜0．05），而血清丙二醛（MDA）含量则显著降低（P＜0．05）；1800 mg/d β-胡萝卜素试验组显著提高了血清总抗氧化能力（ T-AOC）（ P＜0．05）；随着β-胡萝卜素添加水平的升高，血清T-AOC、GSH含量、T-SOD活性和MDA含量均呈显著的线性和二次改变（ P＜0．05）。3）与对照组相比，600 mg/d β-胡萝卜素试验组显著降低了血液中间细胞（ MID）计数和百分比（ P＜0．05）；1800 mg/d β-胡萝卜素试验组血液中性粒细胞（ GRAN）百分比显著升高（ P＜0．05）；随着饲粮β-胡萝卜素添加水平的提高，血液MID计数和百分比呈显著的线性和二次变化（P＜0．05），血液GRAN百分比以及白细胞（WBC）和淋巴细胞（LYM）计数均呈显著的线性变化（ P＜0．05）。4）与对照组相比，1200 mg/d β-胡萝卜素试验组显著降低了肉色黄度（P＜0．05）；随饲粮β-胡萝卜素添加水平的提高，肉色亮度有线性降低的趋势（P＝0．079）；不同β-胡萝卜素添加水平对肉中粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、水分、粗灰分含量以及肉色亮度和红度影响均不显著（ P＞0．05）。总之，肉牛饲粮添加β-胡萝卜素能够显著影响抗氧化功能、血液生理指标和肉品质，本试验条件下，最佳添加水平为1200 mg/d。本試驗旨在研究飼糧添加不同水平的β-鬍蘿蔔素對肉牛生產性能、抗氧化功能、血液生理指標和肉品質的影響。選用體況良好、平均體重為（381．00±26．01） kg的西門塔爾雜交閹牛120頭，隨機分為4組，每組30頭，對照組飼餵基礎飼糧，試驗組飼餵在基礎飼糧中分彆添加600、1200和1800 mg/d β-鬍蘿蔔素的試驗飼糧。預試期10 d，正試期90 d。結果錶明：1）飼糧添加不同水平的β-鬍蘿蔔素對末重、平均日增重和榦物質採食量的影響均不顯著（ P＞0．05）。2）與對照組相比，1200 mg/d β-鬍蘿蔔素試驗組顯著提高瞭血清穀胱甘肽（ GSH）含量和總超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）活性（P＜0．05），而血清丙二醛（MDA）含量則顯著降低（P＜0．05）；1800 mg/d β-鬍蘿蔔素試驗組顯著提高瞭血清總抗氧化能力（ T-AOC）（ P＜0．05）；隨著β-鬍蘿蔔素添加水平的升高，血清T-AOC、GSH含量、T-SOD活性和MDA含量均呈顯著的線性和二次改變（ P＜0．05）。3）與對照組相比，600 mg/d β-鬍蘿蔔素試驗組顯著降低瞭血液中間細胞（ MID）計數和百分比（ P＜0．05）；1800 mg/d β-鬍蘿蔔素試驗組血液中性粒細胞（ GRAN）百分比顯著升高（ P＜0．05）；隨著飼糧β-鬍蘿蔔素添加水平的提高，血液MID計數和百分比呈顯著的線性和二次變化（P＜0．05），血液GRAN百分比以及白細胞（WBC）和淋巴細胞（LYM）計數均呈顯著的線性變化（ P＜0．05）。4）與對照組相比，1200 mg/d β-鬍蘿蔔素試驗組顯著降低瞭肉色黃度（P＜0．05）；隨飼糧β-鬍蘿蔔素添加水平的提高，肉色亮度有線性降低的趨勢（P＝0．079）；不同β-鬍蘿蔔素添加水平對肉中粗蛋白質、粗脂肪、水分、粗灰分含量以及肉色亮度和紅度影響均不顯著（ P＞0．05）。總之，肉牛飼糧添加β-鬍蘿蔔素能夠顯著影響抗氧化功能、血液生理指標和肉品質，本試驗條件下，最佳添加水平為1200 mg/d。
본시험지재연구사량첨가불동수평적β-호라복소대육우생산성능、항양화공능、혈액생리지표화육품질적영향。선용체황량호、평균체중위（381．00±26．01） kg적서문탑이잡교엄우120두，수궤분위4조，매조30두，대조조사위기출사량，시험조사위재기출사량중분별첨가600、1200화1800 mg/d β-호라복소적시험사량。예시기10 d，정시기90 d。결과표명：1）사량첨가불동수평적β-호라복소대말중、평균일증중화간물질채식량적영향균불현저（ P＞0．05）。2）여대조조상비，1200 mg/d β-호라복소시험조현저제고료혈청곡광감태（ GSH）함량화총초양화물기화매（T-SOD）활성（P＜0．05），이혈청병이철（MDA）함량칙현저강저（P＜0．05）；1800 mg/d β-호라복소시험조현저제고료혈청총항양화능력（ T-AOC）（ P＜0．05）；수착β-호라복소첨가수평적승고，혈청T-AOC、GSH함량、T-SOD활성화MDA함량균정현저적선성화이차개변（ P＜0．05）。3）여대조조상비，600 mg/d β-호라복소시험조현저강저료혈액중간세포（ MID）계수화백분비（ P＜0．05）；1800 mg/d β-호라복소시험조혈액중성립세포（ GRAN）백분비현저승고（ P＜0．05）；수착사량β-호라복소첨가수평적제고，혈액MID계수화백분비정현저적선성화이차변화（P＜0．05），혈액GRAN백분비이급백세포（WBC）화림파세포（LYM）계수균정현저적선성변화（ P＜0．05）。4）여대조조상비，1200 mg/d β-호라복소시험조현저강저료육색황도（P＜0．05）；수사량β-호라복소첨가수평적제고，육색량도유선성강저적추세（P＝0．079）；불동β-호라복소첨가수평대육중조단백질、조지방、수분、조회분함량이급육색량도화홍도영향균불현저（ P＞0．05）。총지，육우사량첨가β-호라복소능구현저영향항양화공능、혈액생리지표화육품질，본시험조건하，최가첨가수평위1200 mg/d。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of different lev- els of β-carotene on performance, antioxidant function, blood physiological indices and meat quality of beef cattle.One hundred and twenty healthy Simmental crossbred bullocks with similar weight of (381.00 ± 26.01) kg were randomly divided into four groups with 30 bullocks in each group.Beef cattle in control group were fed a basal diet, and those in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 600, 1 200 and 1 800 mg /d β-carotene, respectively, during 10 days of pre-experiment and 90 days of formal experiment. The results showed as follows: 1) no significant differences in final weight, average daily gain and dry matter intake were found in beef cattle received different dietary supplemental levels of β-carotene (P >0.05).2) Compared with control group, serum glutathione (GSH) content and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in 1 200 mg /d β-carotene experimental group were significantly increased (P<0.05), however, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly decreased (P <0.05); serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in 1 800 mg /d β-carotene experimental group was significantly increased (P <0.05).Significant linear and quadratic changes were found in serum T-AOC, GSH content, T-SOD activity and MDA content with the increase of dietary β-carotene supplemental level (P<0.05).3) Compared with control group, blood middle cell (MID) count and percentage in 600 mg /d β-carotene experimental group were significantly de- creased (P<0.05), while blood neutrophile granulocyte (GRAN) percentage was significantly increased in 1 800 mg /d β-carotene experimental group (P<0.05); with the increase of dietary β-carotene supplemental level, significant linear and quadratic changes were found in blood MID count and percentage (P<0.05), and significant linear changes were found in blood GRAN percentage, white blood cell (WBC) count and lymphocyte (LYM) count (P<0.05).4) Compared with control group, b* alue of meat colour in 1 200 mg /d β- carotene experimental group was significantly decreased (P <0.05); with the increase of dietary β-carotene supplemental level, L*value of meat colour tended to be linearly decreased (P =0.079); no significant differences were found in crude protein, ether extract, moisture and ash contents in beef and meat color in beef cattle received different dietary supplemental levels of β-carotene (P>0.05).In conclusion, dietary supplementation of β-carotene can significantly affect antioxidant function, blood physiological indices and meat quality of beef cattle, and the optimal supplemental level is 1 200 mg /d under conditions in the present study.