地球信息科学学报
地毬信息科學學報
지구신식과학학보
GEO-INFORMATION SCIENCE
2014年
3期
402-410
,共9页
城市斑块%人口%潜能模型%位序-规模%时间耗费栅格
城市斑塊%人口%潛能模型%位序-規模%時間耗費柵格
성시반괴%인구%잠능모형%위서-규모%시간모비책격
urban patches%population%potential model%rank-size%time-consuming grid
城市潜能是城市空间相互作用的一个量化指标，用以表征区域内任一地点所受到的周围所有城市的作用合力。以城市人口规模作为潜能计算指标的城市潜能即为城市人口潜能。由于在地理信息系统中通常以点代表城市的空间位置，以点的属性字段存储城市人口数量，因此，城市人口潜能模拟最便捷的方法是建立基于城市点源数据的空间分析模型，但这种方法存在明显不足：（1）国家基础地理信息数据库中的城市点位经纬度绝大多数与现实中的城市人口质心不吻合；（2）多数城市通常都由空间上相互分离的多个城市用地斑块构成，城市辖区内部的斑块与斑块之间也存在相互作用。本文通过将独立的城市斑块作为基本空间分析单元来设计基于城市人口潜能的模拟技术方案，提出了斑块分层方法，构建了京津冀时间耗费栅格面，通过python建模技术，在ArcGIS平台上实现了对京津冀城市人口潜能的精细化数值模拟。
城市潛能是城市空間相互作用的一箇量化指標，用以錶徵區域內任一地點所受到的週圍所有城市的作用閤力。以城市人口規模作為潛能計算指標的城市潛能即為城市人口潛能。由于在地理信息繫統中通常以點代錶城市的空間位置，以點的屬性字段存儲城市人口數量，因此，城市人口潛能模擬最便捷的方法是建立基于城市點源數據的空間分析模型，但這種方法存在明顯不足：（1）國傢基礎地理信息數據庫中的城市點位經緯度絕大多數與現實中的城市人口質心不吻閤；（2）多數城市通常都由空間上相互分離的多箇城市用地斑塊構成，城市轄區內部的斑塊與斑塊之間也存在相互作用。本文通過將獨立的城市斑塊作為基本空間分析單元來設計基于城市人口潛能的模擬技術方案，提齣瞭斑塊分層方法，構建瞭京津冀時間耗費柵格麵，通過python建模技術，在ArcGIS平檯上實現瞭對京津冀城市人口潛能的精細化數值模擬。
성시잠능시성시공간상호작용적일개양화지표，용이표정구역내임일지점소수도적주위소유성시적작용합력。이성시인구규모작위잠능계산지표적성시잠능즉위성시인구잠능。유우재지리신식계통중통상이점대표성시적공간위치，이점적속성자단존저성시인구수량，인차，성시인구잠능모의최편첩적방법시건립기우성시점원수거적공간분석모형，단저충방법존재명현불족：（1）국가기출지리신식수거고중적성시점위경위도절대다수여현실중적성시인구질심불문합；（2）다수성시통상도유공간상상호분리적다개성시용지반괴구성，성시할구내부적반괴여반괴지간야존재상호작용。본문통과장독립적성시반괴작위기본공간분석단원래설계기우성시인구잠능적모의기술방안，제출료반괴분층방법，구건료경진기시간모비책격면，통과python건모기술，재ArcGIS평태상실현료대경진기성시인구잠능적정세화수치모의。
Urban potential is a quantitative indicator to measure the urban spatial interaction. It is used to de-scribe the interaction force exerted to any place in the region, while taking into consideration that the interaction force is produced jointly by all the other surrounding cities. Urban population potential is the potential that is measured and indicated by urban population. GIS usually uses points to represent the spatial locations of cities and uses the point attribute field to store their urban population information. Therefore, the most convenient way to simulate urban population potential is to build a spatial analysis model based on the relevant point data. Obvi-ously, this method has some disadvantages:on one hand, urban point data represented by latitude-longitude pat-tern in national fundamental geographic information datasets does not coincide with the urban population cen-troids in reality; on the other hand, most cities are usually composed of a variety of mutually separated urban land-use patches and these patches interact with each other within their urban precincts. To overcome the impacts of these disadvantages, this study has designed a simulation technology solution of urban population potential based on urban land-use patches. It takes the independent urban patches as the basic spatial analysis units and propose a method to divide grades for those urban patches in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Then, a time-consum-ing grid surface of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is established. The numerical simulation of the urban population potential in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is realized by making use of ArcGIS platform and modeling techniques of python accordingly. The method based on urban land-use patches could overcome the deficiency that the ur-ban points do not coincide with urban population centroids in reality and it could reflect the spatial interactions of urban interior patches. Moreover, the simulation of urban population potential has further satisfied the require-ments toward refinement.
