中国环境科学
中國環境科學
중국배경과학
CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
2014年
5期
1107-1112
,共6页
何俊杰%吴耕晨%张国华%王伯光%毕新慧%盛国英%傅家谟
何俊傑%吳耕晨%張國華%王伯光%畢新慧%盛國英%傅傢謨
하준걸%오경신%장국화%왕백광%필신혜%성국영%부가모
雾霾%气溶胶%无机水溶性离子%分布特征%形成机制
霧霾%氣溶膠%無機水溶性離子%分佈特徵%形成機製
무매%기용효%무궤수용성리자%분포특정%형성궤제
haze-fog%aerosol%water soluble inorganic ions%distribution characteristics%formation mechanism
为研究雾霾天气下SO42-、NO3-和NH4+的形成机制,2013年4月18~23日,使用6级Anderson大流量采样器采集了不同粒径段的气溶胶样品,并利用离子色谱对其中的水溶性无机离子进行了分析.结果表明,广州雾霾期间 PM3和 PM10中总水溶性无机离子平均浓度分别为(32.7±13.3)μg/m3和(39.4±15.7)μg/m3.SO42-、NO3-和NH4+是最主要的水溶性离子,它们在PM3和PM10中占总离子质量分数分别为76%和71%.3种离子主要集中在0.49~1.5μm的液滴模态,该模态中NH4+主要以(NH4)2SO4和NH4NO3的形式存在,而凝聚模态的NH4+则主要以(NH4)2SO4和 NH4HSO4的形式存在.液滴模态的 SO42-主要来自雾内或颗粒表面的液相氧化反应,NO3-主要来自夜间 N2O5在颗粒表面的水解反应,NH4+主要来自NH3在颗粒上进行的非均相中和反应,而这3种离子在该模态的日变化特征则很好的反映了以上的形成机制.受太阳辐射的影响,3种离子的浓度在凝聚模态均表现为白天高于夜晚.
為研究霧霾天氣下SO42-、NO3-和NH4+的形成機製,2013年4月18~23日,使用6級Anderson大流量採樣器採集瞭不同粒徑段的氣溶膠樣品,併利用離子色譜對其中的水溶性無機離子進行瞭分析.結果錶明,廣州霧霾期間 PM3和 PM10中總水溶性無機離子平均濃度分彆為(32.7±13.3)μg/m3和(39.4±15.7)μg/m3.SO42-、NO3-和NH4+是最主要的水溶性離子,它們在PM3和PM10中佔總離子質量分數分彆為76%和71%.3種離子主要集中在0.49~1.5μm的液滴模態,該模態中NH4+主要以(NH4)2SO4和NH4NO3的形式存在,而凝聚模態的NH4+則主要以(NH4)2SO4和 NH4HSO4的形式存在.液滴模態的 SO42-主要來自霧內或顆粒錶麵的液相氧化反應,NO3-主要來自夜間 N2O5在顆粒錶麵的水解反應,NH4+主要來自NH3在顆粒上進行的非均相中和反應,而這3種離子在該模態的日變化特徵則很好的反映瞭以上的形成機製.受太暘輻射的影響,3種離子的濃度在凝聚模態均錶現為白天高于夜晚.
위연구무매천기하SO42-、NO3-화NH4+적형성궤제,2013년4월18~23일,사용6급Anderson대류량채양기채집료불동립경단적기용효양품,병이용리자색보대기중적수용성무궤리자진행료분석.결과표명,엄주무매기간 PM3화 PM10중총수용성무궤리자평균농도분별위(32.7±13.3)μg/m3화(39.4±15.7)μg/m3.SO42-、NO3-화NH4+시최주요적수용성리자,타문재PM3화PM10중점총리자질량분수분별위76%화71%.3충리자주요집중재0.49~1.5μm적액적모태,해모태중NH4+주요이(NH4)2SO4화NH4NO3적형식존재,이응취모태적NH4+칙주요이(NH4)2SO4화 NH4HSO4적형식존재.액적모태적 SO42-주요래자무내혹과립표면적액상양화반응,NO3-주요래자야간 N2O5재과립표면적수해반응,NH4+주요래자NH3재과립상진행적비균상중화반응,이저3충리자재해모태적일변화특정칙흔호적반영료이상적형성궤제.수태양복사적영향,3충리자적농도재응취모태균표현위백천고우야만.
To investigate the formation mechanism of SO42-, NO3-and NH4+during a haze-fog period (18~23 April 2013) in Guangzhou, China, particulate matter smaller than 10 μm was collected with an Anderson sampler equipped with a six-stage cascade impactor. Size-resolved mass concentrations of water soluble inorganic ions were quantitatively analyzed. During the haze-fog episode, the average mass concentrations of the total water soluble inorganic ions in PM3 and PM10 were (32.7±13.3)μg/m3 and (39.4±15.7)μg/m3, respectively. NH4+, NO3- and SO42- were found to be the dominant species, accounting for 76%and 71%of the total inorganic ions in PM3 and PM10, respectively. These ions were principally present in the size range of 0.49~1.5μm (i.e. droplet mode). Ammonium was mainly in the forms of (NH4)2 SO4 and NH4NO3 in the droplet mode, while present in the forms of (NH4)2 SO4 and NH4 HSO4 in the condensation mode (<0.49μm). Further analysis on the diurnal variation of these ions suggested that SO42-in droplet mode was mainly formed through in-fog processes and/or aqueous-phase reactions, while NO3- through the hydrolysis of N2O5, and NH4+ by heterogeneous neutralization. In addition, it was found that condensation mode SO42-, NO3- and NH4+ had higher mass concentration in the daytime than at night due to the influence of solar radiation.