CAJ | 학술논문

重金属的摄入可使人体的蛋白发生不可逆转的变性而危害人体健康。近年来，食品中具有生物毒性的重金属含量越发受到关注，但重金属的总量往往很难表示其污染特性及危害。食品中重金属元素形态决定其生物可利用率、毒性和迁移，是食品安全检测关注的重要内容。本文从样品前处理、分析检测、联用技术等方面综述了食品中重金属的元素形态分析方法，包括固相萃取等前处理技术、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法等分析检测技术及高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用等联用技术，介绍了各种方法的原理、优点及不足。最后，探究了其研究发展方向。生物、材料等领域的发展将推动重金属形态分析样品前处理技术的进步，而联用技术将成为未来分析检测技术的发展方向。
중금속적섭입가사인체적단백발생불가역전적변성이위해인체건강。근년래，식품중구유생물독성적중금속함량월발수도관주，단중금속적총량왕왕흔난표시기오염특성급위해。식품중중금속원소형태결정기생물가이용솔、독성화천이，시식품안전검측관주적중요내용。본문종양품전처리、분석검측、련용기술등방면종술료식품중중금속적원소형태분석방법，포괄고상췌취등전처리기술、전감우합등리자체원자발사광보법등분석검측기술급고효액상색보-전감우합등리자체질보련용등련용기술，개소료각충방법적원리、우점급불족。최후，탐구료기연구발전방향。생물、재료등영역적발전장추동중금속형태분석양품전처리기술적진보，이련용기술장성위미래분석검측기술적발전방향。
The intake of heavy metals can make the proteins of human body occur irreversible degenera-tion and endanger human health. Biologically toxic heavy metals content received more and more attention in recent years, but the total amount of heavy metals are often difficult to represent the pollution characteristics and harm. Bioavailability, toxicity and migration of heavy metals in food were determined by the heavy metal elements form, which has become an important part of food safety inspection. Several aspects of speciation analysis of heavy metals in food, including sample preparation method, analysis and detection method, coupl-ing technique were summarized in this review. Sample preparation method including solid phase extraction, detection method including inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy and coupling technique including high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry were dis-cussed. Moreover, their principles, advantages and disadvantages were introduced. The future development of speciation analysis of heavy metals in food was also prospected, in which the development of sample prepara-tion method is driven by developments in the field of biology and materials and coupling technique will be the development direction of the future in the aspect of analysis and detection method.