CAJ | 학술논문

平菇是我国栽培范围最广、产量最高的食用菌种类，为了研究不同品种平菇对4种重金属的富集规律及栽培料中重金属的安全限量值，对3个品种平菇在两种栽培料中分别添加不同浓度Pb、Hg、As、Cd 4种重金属进行栽培试验,分别测定平菇子实体和栽培料中重金属含量，并将测定结果采用SPSS软件进行相关性分析。结果显示3个平菇品种对4种重金属的吸收富集能力排序为Cd>As、Hg>Pb，进行综合分析后筛选出P-8为3个品种中重金属低富集品种。不同栽培料栽培同一平菇品种，同一栽培料栽培不同平菇品种，所得料中重金属安全限量值均不相同，共获得吸收富集回归方程17个，R2值均在0.9以上。依据《食用菌卫生标准》（GB 7096-2003）规定的Pb、Hg、As和《绿色食品食用菌》（NY 749-2012）规定的Cd限量值，计算得出3种平菇以棉籽壳或玉米芯为主料栽培时相应重金属的安全限量值数据16个：Pb 4个分别是99.56、74.37、58.56、83.64 mg·kg-1 DW；Cd 6个分别是0.21、0.13、0.21、0.08、0.07、0.27 mg·kg-1 DW；Hg 3个分别是0.08、0.07、0.29 mg·kg-1 DW；As 3个分别是1.31、2.72、1.85 mg·kg-1 DW。
평고시아국재배범위최엄、산량최고적식용균충류，위료연구불동품충평고대4충중금속적부집규률급재배료중중금속적안전한량치，대3개품충평고재량충재배료중분별첨가불동농도Pb、Hg、As、Cd 4충중금속진행재배시험,분별측정평고자실체화재배료중중금속함량，병장측정결과채용SPSS연건진행상관성분석。결과현시3개평고품충대4충중금속적흡수부집능력배서위Cd>As、Hg>Pb，진행종합분석후사선출P-8위3개품충중중금속저부집품충。불동재배료재배동일평고품충，동일재배료재배불동평고품충，소득료중중금속안전한량치균불상동，공획득흡수부집회귀방정17개，R2치균재0.9이상。의거《식용균위생표준》（GB 7096-2003）규정적Pb、Hg、As화《록색식품식용균》（NY 749-2012）규정적Cd한량치，계산득출3충평고이면자각혹옥미심위주료재배시상응중금속적안전한량치수거16개：Pb 4개분별시99.56、74.37、58.56、83.64 mg·kg-1 DW；Cd 6개분별시0.21、0.13、0.21、0.08、0.07、0.27 mg·kg-1 DW；Hg 3개분별시0.08、0.07、0.29 mg·kg-1 DW；As 3개분별시1.31、2.72、1.85 mg·kg-1 DW。
Pleurotus spp. is the most popular edible mushroom in China, but often accumulates large amounts of heavy metals from culturing substrates. In this study, different concentrations of lead, mercury, arsenic and cadmium were added to two culturing substrates to examine their bioaccumulation in three varieties of Pleurotus spp.. Accumulation of heavy metals in Pleurotus spp. decreased in order:Cd>As, Hg>Pb. Of three Pleurotus spp., P-8 was found to be the lowest accumulator of four heavy metals. In accordance to Pb, Hg and As Health Standards for Edible Fungi(GB 7096-2003)and Cd Standard for Green Food(NY 749-2012), the safety limits for heavy metals were obtained when the same Pleurotus spp. variety was grown in different substrates or different Pleurotus spp. varieties were grown in the same substrate. The values of Pleurotus spp. P-25’, P-5’and P-8 were respectively 99.56, 74.37 mg·kg-1 DW, and 58.56 mg·kg-1 DW for Pb;0.21, 0.13 mg·kg-1 DW, and 0.21 mg·kg-1 DW for Cd;0.08, 0.07 mg·kg-1 DW, and 0.29 mg·kg-1 DW for Hg;and 1.31, 2.72 mg·kg-1 DW and 1.85 mg·kg-1 DW for As in cottonseed hull substrates. In corn cob, the limit of Pb was 83.64 mg·kg-1 DW for P-8 and that of Cd was 0.08, 0.07 mg·kg-1 DW, and 0.27 mg·kg-1 DW for P-25’, P-5’and P-8 strains.