CAJ | 학술논문

为明确粪大肠菌群对蔬菜的污染及其耐药性，对厦门市集美区主要菜市场及超市的小白菜进行抽样调查。采用平板计数和MPN法对小白菜表面的粪大肠菌群进行计数，并通过对分离的细菌进行药敏试验，揭示粪大肠菌群对常用抗生素的耐药性。结果显示平板计数粪大肠菌群数量平均为631.3 CFU·g-1，合格率达90.9%；MPN计数平均为48.2 MPN·g-1，合格率达87.9%。清洗处理后粪大肠菌群数量从564.7 CFU·g-1降到92.5 CFU·g-1；流水浸泡10 min后，粪大肠菌群数量从564.7 CFU·g-1降到99.2 CFU·g-1。药敏试验结果表明，粪大肠菌对青霉素和四环素的耐药率达到100%，对红霉素的耐药率达到85.0%，但对庆大霉素、阿米卡星和环丙沙星没有耐药性。研究表明清洗处理显著降低粪大肠菌群的数量，粪大肠菌群对常用抗生素具有一定程度的耐药性，其耐药谱较广。
위명학분대장균군대소채적오염급기내약성，대하문시집미구주요채시장급초시적소백채진행추양조사。채용평판계수화MPN법대소백채표면적분대장균군진행계수，병통과대분리적세균진행약민시험，게시분대장균군대상용항생소적내약성。결과현시평판계수분대장균군수량평균위631.3 CFU·g-1，합격솔체90.9%；MPN계수평균위48.2 MPN·g-1，합격솔체87.9%。청세처리후분대장균군수량종564.7 CFU·g-1강도92.5 CFU·g-1；류수침포10 min후，분대장균군수량종564.7 CFU·g-1강도99.2 CFU·g-1。약민시험결과표명，분대장균대청매소화사배소적내약솔체도100%，대홍매소적내약솔체도85.0%，단대경대매소、아미잡성화배병사성몰유내약성。연구표명청세처리현저강저분대장균군적수량，분대장균군대상용항생소구유일정정도적내약성，기내약보교엄。
Microbial contamination of vegetables has aroused public concerns. An investigation was carried out to examine occurrence and resistance to antibiotics of fecal coliforms on fresh Chinese cabbages collected from farmers-markets and supermarkets in Jimei district of Xiamen city, China. Fecal coliforms were quantified using both MPN(most-probable-number)and PC(plate count)methods. Two treat-ments(washing or immersion in water)were used to evaluate the effect of cleaning on the abundance of fecal coliforms. The resistance of the isolated fecal coliforms to six common antibiotics(gentamicin, amikacin, penicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin)was eval-uated using antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The results showed that average population of fecal coliforms from the samples was 631.3 CFU·g-1 by PC method, with qualified rate of 90.9%, whereas average population of fecal coliforms was 48.2 MPN·g-1 by MPN method, with qualified rate of 87.9%. Washing and 10 min immersion reduced the number of fecal coliform bacteria to 93 CFU·g-1 and 99 CFU·g-1 from 565 CFU·g-1, respectively. The resistance the fecal coliforms to antibiotics was tetracycline(100%), penicillin(100%), and erythromycin (85%). However, the coliforms had no resistance to gentamicin, amikacin, and ciprofloxacin. Our results suggest that cleaning treatments can significantly reduce the number of fecal coliforms and the fecal coliforms have resistance to common antibiotics.