CAJ | 학술논문

为了研究生物质热解多联产焦炭产品的应用特性，采用棉秆和油菜秆作为热解原料制备了不同温度（350、550、750和950℃）下的焦炭样品。分析了不同焦样的燃烧特性、水分吸收和保持特性、CO2吸附特性、苯酚吸附特性和抗环境氧化能力。研究结果表明550℃热解棉秆焦炭和750℃热解油菜秆焦炭燃烧特性好，热值高，燃烧快速剧烈，容易燃尽，适宜作为燃料炭；而综合焦样的吸水能力和保水特性，350℃热解棉秆焦炭和550℃热解油菜秆焦炭的吸水量大，保水能力强，适宜用作生物炭。高温下制备的棉秆焦炭和油菜秆焦炭吸附CO2和苯酚的能力更强，其吸附量跟焦炭微孔容积正相关；同时高温热解焦炭具有更好的碳汇效应，相同热解温度下制备的棉秆焦炭比油菜秆焦炭抗环境氧化能力更强。根据不同焦样的燃烧和吸附特性，选择性的制备目标焦炭，将其运用于工农业生产，有利于提升热解多联产的经济效益，保证多联产系统的稳定运营。
위료연구생물질열해다련산초탄산품적응용특성，채용면간화유채간작위열해원료제비료불동온도（350、550、750화950℃）하적초탄양품。분석료불동초양적연소특성、수분흡수화보지특성、CO2흡부특성、분분흡부특성화항배경양화능력。연구결과표명550℃열해면간초탄화750℃열해유채간초탄연소특성호，열치고，연소쾌속극렬，용역연진，괄의작위연료탄；이종합초양적흡수능력화보수특성，350℃열해면간초탄화550℃열해유채간초탄적흡수량대，보수능력강，괄의용작생물탄。고온하제비적면간초탄화유채간초탄흡부CO2화분분적능력경강，기흡부량근초탄미공용적정상관；동시고온열해초탄구유경호적탄회효응，상동열해온도하제비적면간초탄비유채간초탄항배경양화능력경강。근거불동초양적연소화흡부특성，선택성적제비목표초탄，장기운용우공농업생산，유리우제승열해다련산적경제효익，보증다련산계통적은정운영。
To study the characteristics of biochar products from biomass pyrolysis, cotton stalk and rapeseed straw were used as raw materials to prepare pyrolytic biochar samples under various temperatures (350, 550, 750, 950°C). The combustion characteristics, hydrating properties, CO2 adsorption characteristics, phenol adsorption characteristics and antioxidant abilities of different biochar samples (marked as CS350, CS550, CS750, CS950, RS350, RS550, RS750, RS950) were compared. A thermo gravimetric analyzer (STA409, NETZSCH) was used to investigate the combustion behavior of char. In the thermogravimetric experiment, approximately 10 mg of sample was heated in TG equipment at a heating rate of 20°C/min from room temperature to 900°C. TG-DTG tangent method was employed to determine the combustion characteristic indexes, including ignition temperature (Ti), burnout temperature (Tf) and the maximum mass loss rate (DTGmax). Results showed that theTi andTf value of char was increased with pyrolysis temperature increment, and CS550 and RS750 had better combustion characteristics due to their higher heating values and faster combustion rates, and they were appropriate for use as fuel char. Water absorption characteristics of char were conducted in a constant temperature and humidity box (Temperature: 30℃, Humidity: 90%), and an oven setting at 55℃ was used to test the dehydration characteristics of the chars. Gravimetric method was used to describe the water absorption and dehydration process of char and soil. The test results showed that CS350 and RS550 had higher water absorbing capacity and water retaining capacity than soil and other chars, and they were appropriate for biochar. CO2 adsorption characteristics of char were measured in an automatic adsorption equipment (Micromeritics, ASAP 2020, USA) at 273 K. Before the adsorption measurements, the sample was degassed at 150°C under a vacuum (pressure of 50 lmHg) for 10 h. The test results showed that the pyrolysis char had a good CO2 adsorption ability, varying from 25 mg/g to 115 mg/g. This capacity was proportional to the micropore volume of biochar, which was 4 to 30 times higher than that of soil. These chars can be used as biochar to reduce CO2 concentration of underground environment, but also can be used as CO2absorbent to improve the quality of syngas in biomass pyrolysis system. Phenol was used as a model compound to investigate the water purification ability of char. UV-visible spectrophotometer (Lambda 35, PerkinElmer, America) was used to measure the concentrations of the filtered and blank sample. Results showed that the phenol adsorption capacity of char was proportional to their micropore volume. CS750 and RS950 had strong capacity of phenol adsorption, and they were appropriate for use as the activated carbon to remove contaminants of water. The investigation methods of antioxidant abilities of biochar were the same with combustion behavior research. A parameter,R50 was employed to evaluate the carbon sink of char. R50 can be expressed as:R50=Tbiochar,50/Tgraphite,50, whereTbiochar,50 andTgraphite,50 are the corresponding temperature to the 50% mass loss of char and graphite in TGA experiment, respectively. Results showed that theR50 value of biochar increased with pyrolysis temperature increment, which indicated that the char prepared at high temperature was difficultly to be decomposed in aerobic environment. Meanwhile, the cotton stalk derived char had a larger R50 value than that of rapeseed straw. This demonstrated that the cotton stalk char had a more stable structure compared with rapeseed straw char. In conclusion, pyrolysis temperature had a strong impact on properties of biochar made from cotton stalk and rapeseed straw.