CAJ | 학술논문

肉鸽规模化养殖是一种具有较高经济效益的新兴养殖产业，人工饲喂工作量大、饲喂精细化水平低、饲料浪费率高。为解决肉鸽工厂化规模养殖的自动饲喂难题，设计了一种肉鸽自动饲喂装置。该装置主要由饲喂食槽、控制箱、行程开关、三相异步电机、行走轮、动力传动系统及机架等组成；控制系统使用变频器控制2台三相异步电机的转速，以行程开关为位置检测元件，用循环时间继电器设定饲喂过程中的行走、停留时间，实现自动饲喂装置工作过程中的行走、停留、反向等行程控制，以保证饲喂的精细程度。试验结果表明，该装置行程精度控制在98%以上，饲料浪费率控制在1%以下，具有良好的稳定性，适合于肉鸽工厂化规模养殖。肉鸽自动饲喂装置适用于肉鸽大规模、工厂化养殖。
육합규모화양식시일충구유교고경제효익적신흥양식산업，인공사위공작량대、사위정세화수평저、사료낭비솔고。위해결육합공엄화규모양식적자동사위난제，설계료일충육합자동사위장치。해장치주요유사위식조、공제상、행정개관、삼상이보전궤、행주륜、동력전동계통급궤가등조성；공제계통사용변빈기공제2태삼상이보전궤적전속，이행정개관위위치검측원건，용순배시간계전기설정사위과정중적행주、정류시간，실현자동사위장치공작과정중적행주、정류、반향등행정공제，이보증사위적정세정도。시험결과표명，해장치행정정도공제재98%이상，사료낭비솔공제재1%이하，구유량호적은정성，괄합우육합공엄화규모양식。육합자동사위장치괄용우육합대규모、공엄화양식。
Meat pigeon breeding is an emerging farming industry with a high economic benefit. There are some fundamental problems that need to be addressed, such as the fact that artificial feeding work takes a lot of labor power when breeding in a large scale, the low level of feeding precision, and the high waste forage rate, which is also a disadvantage existing in meat pigeon breeding at present. An automated feeding device for meat pigeons which is suitable for three ladder cages was designed in order to solve the problems of automated feeding for large-scale breeding of meat pigeons. The automated feeding device was mainly composed of feeding troughs, a control box, travel switches, three-phase asynchronous motors, wheels, a driveline, and a frame. The frame mainly uses 40 mm× 40 mm× 4 mm square steel welded together. Feeding troughs were mounted on each layer of the frame respectively. The track was made up of 40 mm× 40 mm× 4 mm angle iron, which was bolted to the ground. The automated feeding device for meat pigeons was equipped with cast iron wheels mounted in the bottom of the frame on both sides. The travel switches were located in the outside of underlying level support of the frame and used to control the stroke of the automated feeding device for the meat pigeons. The driveline selected sprocket and chain to transmit output dynamic of the three-phase asynchronous motors to the wheels. The transmission ratio was 1:1. The control system of the device was mainly composed of a frequency converter, the travel switches, time relays, AC contactors, an air switch, buttons, and an indicator light. In the device’s control system, a frequency converter was adopted to control the speed of two three-phase asynchronous motors; the travel switches were used as a position detecting component; a time relay was used to set the running time and residence time in the feeding process; and AC contactors were used to control the start and stop of the frequency converter. The control system realized stroke control of the automated feeding device with high precision such as moving, stopping, and reversing. The prototype of the automated feeding device for meat pigeons was designed and tested for the stroke precision and feed wastage rate. And experimental results showed that the stroke precision of the system was controlled at more than 98%. The feed wastage rate was controlled at less than 1%. In conclusion, the automated feeding device for meat pigeons was applicable to factory farming, and had a good stability; feeding.