CAJ | 학술논문

GPS给测绘工作带来了极大的便利,其平面测量精度已达到亚mm级。但由于受电离层、多路径效应、几何精度因子和天线高量取等因素影响,GPS测得的高程数据很少被精密测量工作者采用。在三峡库区树坪滑坡合理布设形变监测网的基础上,经长期监测得出大量水准和GPS实测数据；以水准测量数据为基准,分析单频静态GPS测量高程在滑坡垂向形变监测中的应用精度。结果表明,单频静态GPS的垂向形变监测精度为依2 cm；依照滑坡监测规范,形变监测精度应大于其测量周期内形变量的1/5,因而可以得出单频静态GPS适用于监测周期内垂向形变在10 cm以上的滑坡的结论。对于树坪滑坡,第2期到第3期的垂向形变达到30 cm,GPS测量可以很好地提供监测数据,但不适用于其他处于缓变状态监测周期的滑坡。
GPS급측회공작대래료겁대적편리,기평면측량정도이체도아mm급。단유우수전리층、다로경효응、궤하정도인자화천선고량취등인소영향,GPS측득적고정수거흔소피정밀측량공작자채용。재삼협고구수평활파합리포설형변감측망적기출상,경장기감측득출대량수준화GPS실측수거；이수준측량수거위기준,분석단빈정태GPS측량고정재활파수향형변감측중적응용정도。결과표명,단빈정태GPS적수향형변감측정도위의2 cm；의조활파감측규범,형변감측정도응대우기측량주기내형변량적1/5,인이가이득출단빈정태GPS괄용우감측주기내수향형변재10 cm이상적활파적결론。대우수평활파,제2기도제3기적수향형변체도30 cm,GPS측량가이흔호지제공감측수거,단불괄용우기타처우완변상태감측주기적활파。
As we all know, GPS has brought great convenience to surveying and mapping work. Its horizontal accuracy has reached sub-millimeter. However, due to the influences of such factors as the effects of ionosphere, multipath effect, GDOP ( geometric dilution of precision ) and height of antenna, the vertical deformation measurements from GPS are seldomly used by precision survey workers. Based on the reasonable layout of deformation monitoring network of Shuping landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the authors obtained a large number of leveling and GPS data from long -term monitoring, and used leveling data as the reference to analyze the height precision of single - frequency static GPS in landslide vertical deformation monitoring. The results show that the vertical deformation monitoring precision of single-frequency static GPS is ± 2cm, that the deformation monitoring accuracy should be greater than 1/5 of deformation in the measurement period according to the monitoring code of landslide, and that single frequency static GPS is suitable for the landslide whose vertical deformation is above 10 cm in its monitoring period. For the Shuping landslide,GPS measurement can provide good monitoring data in the second to third period whose vertical deformation is up to 30 cm,but it is unsuitable for other monitoring periods in slow state.