CAJ | 학술논문

中国在1958年颁布了《中华人民共和国户口登记条例》，这是中国建国以来首次对人口流动进行刚性限制。50多年过去了，户籍制度至今保存。随着改革开放的进一步深入，中国开始有序建立覆盖全国的社会保障制度，但户籍制度与社会保障制度的矛盾也日益凸现出来。户籍制度人为地将社会结构划分为城乡二元结构，这使建立城乡一体的社会保障更有难度，同时社会保障的不完善也制约了户籍制度的改革。因此，应当改革户籍制度，消除“准入制度”背后的附属利益，并逐步建设配套措施，大幅度提高农村社会保障水平，缩小城乡社保差距，有序开放户籍限制。
중국재1958년반포료《중화인민공화국호구등기조례》，저시중국건국이래수차대인구류동진행강성한제。50다년과거료，호적제도지금보존。수착개혁개방적진일보심입，중국개시유서건립복개전국적사회보장제도，단호적제도여사회보장제도적모순야일익철현출래。호적제도인위지장사회결구화분위성향이원결구，저사건립성향일체적사회보장경유난도，동시사회보장적불완선야제약료호적제도적개혁。인차，응당개혁호적제도，소제“준입제도”배후적부속이익，병축보건설배투조시，대폭도제고농촌사회보장수평，축소성향사보차거，유서개방호적한제。
The Regulation ofthe People′s Republic of China on the Household Registration System was issued in 1958,which has been the first rigid restriction of population migration since the foundation of China.Fifty years later,this system is still working as one of the oldest institutions.With the deepening of reform and opening to the outside ,the social security system has been set up orderly all over China.However,conflicts arise between the so-cial security system and the household registration system.The former divided the whole society into urban and ru-ral parts,which makes it difficult to set up the unified urban-rural social security system,and at the same time, the imperfectness of social security has restricted the reform of the household registration system.Therefore,the household registration system should be reformed by eliminating silent benefits behind “access system”,taking in-tegrated measures gradually,raising rural social security standards,narrowing the gap of social security between ur-ban and rural areas and lifting household registration restriction orderly.