贵州农业科学
貴州農業科學
귀주농업과학
GUIZHOU AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2014年
4期
47-50,54
,共5页
侯奕瑾%刘翠花%郭其强%梁小龙%艾阿兵%吕铁柱
侯奕瑾%劉翠花%郭其彊%樑小龍%艾阿兵%呂鐵柱
후혁근%류취화%곽기강%량소룡%애아병%려철주
玉米%生长%光合特性%西藏%高原气候区
玉米%生長%光閤特性%西藏%高原氣候區
옥미%생장%광합특성%서장%고원기후구
maize%growth%photosynthetic characteristics%Tibet%plateau climate zone
为探明不同肥料供给对高原气候区玉米苗期生长及光合特性的影响，测定了氮、磷、钾肥不同施肥处理40 d 玉米苗的光合参数。结果表明：施肥处理能提高玉米幼苗的株高、叶片数、总生物量和植株的光合作用能力；N、P、K 全施能提高植株转化和利用光能的能力和植株的光能转化效率；不施 N 肥可明显降低玉米转化和利用光能的能力，但可提高植株的光能转化效率；与全施 N、P、K 肥相比，不施 P、K 肥对植株转化和利用光能和植株的光能转化效率影响不大。不同 N、P、K 配肥下，增 P、K 配肥可提高叶片气孔导度、表观量子效率和暗呼吸速率；增 N、P 配肥可提高叶片蒸腾速率；而增 N、K 配肥则可提高玉米叶片的水分利用效率。不同施肥处理玉米幼苗的表观量子效率在0．043～0．052，较符合实际情况，能够真实反映植物利用弱光的能力；非直角双曲线模型拟合的曲线较为合理，符合植物的光响应过程。
為探明不同肥料供給對高原氣候區玉米苗期生長及光閤特性的影響，測定瞭氮、燐、鉀肥不同施肥處理40 d 玉米苗的光閤參數。結果錶明：施肥處理能提高玉米幼苗的株高、葉片數、總生物量和植株的光閤作用能力；N、P、K 全施能提高植株轉化和利用光能的能力和植株的光能轉化效率；不施 N 肥可明顯降低玉米轉化和利用光能的能力，但可提高植株的光能轉化效率；與全施 N、P、K 肥相比，不施 P、K 肥對植株轉化和利用光能和植株的光能轉化效率影響不大。不同 N、P、K 配肥下，增 P、K 配肥可提高葉片氣孔導度、錶觀量子效率和暗呼吸速率；增 N、P 配肥可提高葉片蒸騰速率；而增 N、K 配肥則可提高玉米葉片的水分利用效率。不同施肥處理玉米幼苗的錶觀量子效率在0．043～0．052，較符閤實際情況，能夠真實反映植物利用弱光的能力；非直角雙麯線模型擬閤的麯線較為閤理，符閤植物的光響應過程。
위탐명불동비료공급대고원기후구옥미묘기생장급광합특성적영향，측정료담、린、갑비불동시비처리40 d 옥미묘적광합삼수。결과표명：시비처리능제고옥미유묘적주고、협편수、총생물량화식주적광합작용능력；N、P、K 전시능제고식주전화화이용광능적능력화식주적광능전화효솔；불시 N 비가명현강저옥미전화화이용광능적능력，단가제고식주적광능전화효솔；여전시 N、P、K 비상비，불시 P、K 비대식주전화화이용광능화식주적광능전화효솔영향불대。불동 N、P、K 배비하，증 P、K 배비가제고협편기공도도、표관양자효솔화암호흡속솔；증 N、P 배비가제고협편증등속솔；이증 N、K 배비칙가제고옥미협편적수분이용효솔。불동시비처리옥미유묘적표관양자효솔재0．043～0．052，교부합실제정황，능구진실반영식물이용약광적능력；비직각쌍곡선모형의합적곡선교위합리，부합식물적광향응과정。
To illustrate the effect of different fertilizer supplying on corn seedling growth and photosynthetic characteristics in Tibet,the authors determined the photosynthetic parameters of different fertilizer treatments of N,P,K on 40 d corn seedlings.Results:fertilization treatments could improve the plant height,leaf number,total biomass and photosynthesis ability of the corn seedling stage in plateau climate zone.The fertilization treatment of NPK could improve the ability of transformation and utilization of light energy,and light energy conversion efficiency of plant.Without N fertilizer treatment could obviously reduce the ability of transform and utilize the light energy of maize,but also could improve the light energy conversion efficiency of plant.Compared with the fertilization treatment of NPK,the impact was not obvious on plant transform and utilization of light energy and light energy conversion efficiency of plant through no use of P,K.Under the condition of different fertilization treatment of N,P,K, increasing P,K fertilizer could improve the leaf stomatal conductance,apparent quantum efficiency and dark respiration rate.Increasing N,P fertilizer could improve transpiration rate of leaf.On the other hand,increasing N,K fertilizer could improve the water use efficiency of the corn leaf.The apparent quantum yield(AQY)was 0.043 ~0.052,under different fertilizer treatments of corn seedling.Results conform to the actual situation and could truly reflect the ability of plants on using the weak light.Non-rectangular hyperbolic model were more reasonable because it was accordance with response to light of plant.
