CAJ | 학술논문

研究连续2年秸秆还田下氮肥用量对玉米产量、氮肥利用率及土壤硝态氮的影响，结果表明，玉米产量随着施氮量的增加逐渐增加，施氮量达到216 kg·hm-2时，产量最高，施氮量超过216 kg·hm-2时产量有降低的趋势。相同施氮处理玉米产量年际变化明显，2010年较2009年产量提高0.69％~4.75％。氮肥利用率、氮肥农学利用率和氮收获指数随着秸秆还田年限的增加，均有不同程度的增加。2年0~100 cm土层土壤硝态氮含量均以施氮240 kg·hm-2最高，且有向土壤深层迁移的趋势，对浅层地下水构成潜在的威胁。与施氮240 kg·hm-2相比，施氮168、192 kg·hm-2和216 kg·hm-2处理0~100 cm土壤无机氮残留量2年平均减少39.87％、35.84％和29.38％。相同施氮处理，0~100 cm土壤无机氮累积量2010年较2009年略有降低。综合考虑玉米产量、氮肥利用率与生态环境效益，该地区最适施氮量200 kg·hm-2左右。
연구련속2년갈간환전하담비용량대옥미산량、담비이용솔급토양초태담적영향，결과표명，옥미산량수착시담량적증가축점증가，시담량체도216 kg·hm-2시，산량최고，시담량초과216 kg·hm-2시산량유강저적추세。상동시담처리옥미산량년제변화명현，2010년교2009년산량제고0.69％~4.75％。담비이용솔、담비농학이용솔화담수획지수수착갈간환전년한적증가，균유불동정도적증가。2년0~100 cm토층토양초태담함량균이시담240 kg·hm-2최고，차유향토양심층천이적추세，대천층지하수구성잠재적위협。여시담240 kg·hm-2상비，시담168、192 kg·hm-2화216 kg·hm-2처리0~100 cm토양무궤담잔류량2년평균감소39.87％、35.84％화29.38％。상동시담처리，0~100 cm토양무궤담루적량2010년교2009년략유강저。종합고필옥미산량、담비이용솔여생태배경효익，해지구최괄시담량200 kg·hm-2좌우。
We investigated the influences of different nitrogen fertilizer rate on maize production, nitrogen use efficiency and soil nitrate ni-trogen at straw return farmland for two years. The results showed that maize production increased with the increment of nitrogen fertilizer. The maize production was the highest at 216 kg·hm-2(N216)of nitrogen use and began to decrease when the amount of nitrogen use was beyond 216 kg·hm-2. There were significant interannual differences on maize production in the same treatment. The maize production in 2010 in-creased 0.69%~4.75%compared with that in 2009. Nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen agronomic efficiency and nitrogen harvest index im-proved with the year of straw return. The highest nitrate nitrogen accumulation was found in the treatment of 240 kg·hm-2(N240)in 0~100 cm soil layer. Soil nitrate content increased with the depth of soil. This may potentially increased the risk of nitrate pollution on shallow ground-water. Compared with N240, the nitrate nitrogen accumulation of N168(168 kg·hm-2), N192(192 kg·hm-2)and N216(216 kg·hm-2)were e-qually reduced by respectively 39.87%, 35.84%and 29.38%in 0~100 cm soil layer. Considering the maize production, nitrogen use efficien-cy and ecological environmental benefits, the optimum amount of nitrogen use should be 200 kg·hm-2.