CAJ | 학술논문

目的：以膳食频率问卷为评价标准，从4～36月龄婴幼儿是否挑食和其挑食种类两方面评估家长对其所喂养的婴幼儿挑食行为判断的准确性。方法：采用多阶段随机整群抽样和立意抽样结合的方法，选取4～36月龄且开始添加非乳类辅食的婴幼儿及其家长作为研究对象，采用自行设计的问卷，对儿童喂养人进行访谈式问卷调查，了解婴幼儿基本情况、膳食情况和挑食情况。根据家长报告，将全部儿童分为挑食/不挑食组或对某类食物挑食/不挑食组。采用Mann-Whitney U检验比较挑食/不挑食组儿童摄入的食物种类有无差别，评价家长自报儿童是否挑食的准确性；比较对某类食物挑食/不挑食组儿童该类食物日平均摄入量有无差别，评价家长自报儿童挑食种类的准确性。结果：儿童挑食比例随年龄增加而上升，4～6月龄、7～12月龄婴儿均对乳类挑食的比例最高（25．00％、24．00％）；13～24月龄、25～36月龄幼儿均对蔬菜挑食的比例最高（26．92％、47．46％）。4～6月龄、7～12月龄挑食儿童摄入食物种类数目（8种，19．5种）高于不挑食儿童（6种，18种），而13～24月龄、25～36月龄挑食儿童摄入食物种类数目（28．5种，34种）均低于不挑食儿童（31种，37种）。4～6月龄婴儿的家长对各类食物的判断准确性均较高，但两组间各类食物摄入量差异均无统计学意义；7～12月龄婴儿的家长仅对乳类和蛋类的判断准确性高且差异有统计学意义；13～24月龄幼儿家长对除蔬菜以外的各类食物判断准确性均较高，且蛋类摄入量差异有统计学意义；25～36月龄幼儿家长对除乳类、豆类和谷物之外的各类食物判断准确性均较高，但各类食物摄入量差异均无统计学意义。结论：小于12月龄儿童的家长对其是否挑食、挑食种类的判断准确性低，而13～36月龄儿童的家长对其挑食行为的判断准确性较高。目的：以膳食頻率問捲為評價標準，從4～36月齡嬰幼兒是否挑食和其挑食種類兩方麵評估傢長對其所餵養的嬰幼兒挑食行為判斷的準確性。方法：採用多階段隨機整群抽樣和立意抽樣結閤的方法，選取4～36月齡且開始添加非乳類輔食的嬰幼兒及其傢長作為研究對象，採用自行設計的問捲，對兒童餵養人進行訪談式問捲調查，瞭解嬰幼兒基本情況、膳食情況和挑食情況。根據傢長報告，將全部兒童分為挑食/不挑食組或對某類食物挑食/不挑食組。採用Mann-Whitney U檢驗比較挑食/不挑食組兒童攝入的食物種類有無差彆，評價傢長自報兒童是否挑食的準確性；比較對某類食物挑食/不挑食組兒童該類食物日平均攝入量有無差彆，評價傢長自報兒童挑食種類的準確性。結果：兒童挑食比例隨年齡增加而上升，4～6月齡、7～12月齡嬰兒均對乳類挑食的比例最高（25．00％、24．00％）；13～24月齡、25～36月齡幼兒均對蔬菜挑食的比例最高（26．92％、47．46％）。4～6月齡、7～12月齡挑食兒童攝入食物種類數目（8種，19．5種）高于不挑食兒童（6種，18種），而13～24月齡、25～36月齡挑食兒童攝入食物種類數目（28．5種，34種）均低于不挑食兒童（31種，37種）。4～6月齡嬰兒的傢長對各類食物的判斷準確性均較高，但兩組間各類食物攝入量差異均無統計學意義；7～12月齡嬰兒的傢長僅對乳類和蛋類的判斷準確性高且差異有統計學意義；13～24月齡幼兒傢長對除蔬菜以外的各類食物判斷準確性均較高，且蛋類攝入量差異有統計學意義；25～36月齡幼兒傢長對除乳類、豆類和穀物之外的各類食物判斷準確性均較高，但各類食物攝入量差異均無統計學意義。結論：小于12月齡兒童的傢長對其是否挑食、挑食種類的判斷準確性低，而13～36月齡兒童的傢長對其挑食行為的判斷準確性較高。
목적：이선식빈솔문권위평개표준，종4～36월령영유인시부도식화기도식충류량방면평고가장대기소위양적영유인도식행위판단적준학성。방법：채용다계단수궤정군추양화립의추양결합적방법，선취4～36월령차개시첨가비유류보식적영유인급기가장작위연구대상，채용자행설계적문권，대인동위양인진행방담식문권조사，료해영유인기본정황、선식정황화도식정황。근거가장보고，장전부인동분위도식/불도식조혹대모류식물도식/불도식조。채용Mann-Whitney U검험비교도식/불도식조인동섭입적식물충류유무차별，평개가장자보인동시부도식적준학성；비교대모류식물도식/불도식조인동해류식물일평균섭입량유무차별，평개가장자보인동도식충류적준학성。결과：인동도식비례수년령증가이상승，4～6월령、7～12월령영인균대유류도식적비례최고（25．00％、24．00％）；13～24월령、25～36월령유인균대소채도식적비례최고（26．92％、47．46％）。4～6월령、7～12월령도식인동섭입식물충류수목（8충，19．5충）고우불도식인동（6충，18충），이13～24월령、25～36월령도식인동섭입식물충류수목（28．5충，34충）균저우불도식인동（31충，37충）。4～6월령영인적가장대각류식물적판단준학성균교고，단량조간각류식물섭입량차이균무통계학의의；7～12월령영인적가장부대유류화단류적판단준학성고차차이유통계학의의；13～24월령유인가장대제소채이외적각류식물판단준학성균교고，차단류섭입량차이유통계학의의；25～36월령유인가장대제유류、두류화곡물지외적각류식물판단준학성균교고，단각류식물섭입량차이균무통계학의의。결론：소우12월령인동적가장대기시부도식、도식충류적판단준학성저，이13～36월령인동적가장대기도식행위적판단준학성교고。
Objective:To evaluate the accuracy of parents ’ perception of whether their child is a picky eater and the specific food category the children avoideating according to the food frequency question-naire.Methods:This research selected 1 663 infants aged 4-36 months receiving non-diary complimen-tary food from maternal, infants, nutrition and growth study (MING Study) in 8 Chinese cities in which a combination of systematic cluster random sampling and purposive sampling was used .The general infor-mation, dietary status and picky eating status were collected through a self-designed questionnaire from the caregiver of the children .According to the parents ’ perception , the children were classified into picky/non-picky groups or avoid/non-avoid to a specific food category groups .Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare between the groups .Results: The reported percentage of picky eaters increased from 7.37%in 4-6 months old infants to 36.20%in 25-36 months old infants .Most picky infants in 4-6 months and 7-12 months old infants avoided eating dairy food ( 25% and 24%); while most picky toddlers aged 13-24 months and 25-36 months avoided eating vegetables (26.92% and 47.46%). The infants aged 4-6 months and 7-12 months who were perceived as picky by their parents took more kinds of food (8 and 19.5 kinds) than those who were not (6 and 18 kinds), while the picky toddlers aged 13-24 months and 25-36 months took fewer kinds of food (28.5 and 34 kinds for picky eaters, 31 and 37 kinds for non-picky eaters ) .The parents of infants aged 4-6 months judged correctly in every category of food without any statistical significance;the parents of 7-12 months old infants judged cor-rectly only in dairy food and eggs with statistical significance;those of 13-24 months old infants judged correctly in every food category except for vegetables with statistically significant difference in the category of eggs;those of 25-36 months old toddlers misjudged in dairy , beans and grains with no statistically significant difference in every category .Conclusion: Parents tend to misjudge their children ’ s picky eating behavior before the first 12 months of the child , and tend to make a more accurate perception after the 12th month.