CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解重庆地区2006～2011年常见革兰阳性（G＋）菌菌落分布及耐药特点。方法回顾性收集重庆地区10所医院2006～2011年就诊患者的各种标本分离的G＋菌，所有临床分离菌株均采用K-B纸片扩散法进行抗菌药物敏感试验。结果10所医院临床共分离 G＋菌14473株，分离率较高的细菌是金黄色葡萄球菌4840株（33．4％）、表皮葡萄球菌2566株（17．7％）、溶血葡萄球菌1822株（12．6％）、粪/屎肠球菌1325株（9．2％）。药敏结果显示，葡萄球菌属对呋喃妥因、利福平、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、利奈唑胺、替考拉宁、万古霉素高度敏感，对氨苄西林/舒巴坦、苯唑西林、青霉素等抗菌药物耐药率较高；肠球菌属中屎肠球菌对大多数抗菌药物的耐药率明显低于粪肠球菌，但对亚胺培南、氯霉素、四环素等抗菌药物的耐药率明显高于粪肠球菌。万古霉素、利奈唑胺对肠球菌属细菌依然保持较强的抗菌活性。结论重庆地区病原菌分布及耐药性具有地域特殊性，耐药现象严重，应加强病原菌的流行病学研究，制定相应的政策干预抗菌药物使用。
목적：료해중경지구2006～2011년상견혁란양성（G＋）균균락분포급내약특점。방법회고성수집중경지구10소의원2006～2011년취진환자적각충표본분리적G＋균，소유림상분리균주균채용K-B지편확산법진행항균약물민감시험。결과10소의원림상공분리 G＋균14473주，분리솔교고적세균시금황색포도구균4840주（33．4％）、표피포도구균2566주（17．7％）、용혈포도구균1822주（12．6％）、분/시장구균1325주（9．2％）。약민결과현시，포도구균속대부남타인、리복평、고랍서림/타서파탄、리내서알、체고랍저、만고매소고도민감，대안변서림/서파탄、분서서림、청매소등항균약물내약솔교고；장구균속중시장구균대대다수항균약물적내약솔명현저우분장구균，단대아알배남、록매소、사배소등항균약물적내약솔명현고우분장구균。만고매소、리내서알대장구균속세균의연보지교강적항균활성。결론중경지구병원균분포급내약성구유지역특수성，내약현상엄중，응가강병원균적류행병학연구，제정상응적정책간예항균약물사용。
Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of the gram positive bacteria isolates from hospital in Chongqing during 2006-2011 .Methods Non-repetitive gram positive bacterias were collected retrospectively from ten hospitals in Chongqing .Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of all clinical isolates were carried out using Kirby-Bauer(KB) .Results 14 473 strains were isolated .There were 4 840 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (33 .4% ) ,2 566 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis (17 .7% ) ,1 822 strains of Staphylococcus haemolyticus (12 .6% ) ,1 325 strains of Enterococcus (E .faecalis/E .faecium )(9 .2% ) . Staphylococcus was highly sensitive to nitrofurantoin ,rifampicin ,piperacillin/tazobactam ,linezolid ,teicoplanin and vancomycin ,but their resistance rate to ampicillin/sulbactam ,oxacillin ,penicillin and clarithromycin was high .The resistance rate of E .faecium to the majority of antimicrobial agents was obviously higher than that of E .faecalis ,excluding imipenem ,chloramphenicol and tetracy-cline .Vancomycin and linezolid still remain the strongest antibacterial activity to Enterococcus .Conclusion The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in Chongqing present regional particularity ,and antibiotic resistance is severe .It is significant to strengthen the epidemiology study of pathogenic bacteria and to develop policies to intervene in the use of antimicrobial agents .