CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解北京市朝阳区八里庄地区40岁以上人群脑卒中危险因素、暴露水平及其人群分布特征。方法研究为横断面调查研究，以年龄≥40岁的人群作为研究对象，采取整群抽样方法，对8888例研究对象采用统一问卷调查和体格检查，通过统一的脑卒中风险评估表进行脑卒中风险评估；对初步筛查为高危人群的研究对象进行体格检查和实验室检查。结果经过脑卒中风险评估，低危5622例（63.25%），中危1537例（17.29%），高危1729例（19.45%）。研究对象男性平均年龄为62.1±13.2岁，女性60.2±12.2岁。在40~69岁年龄段，高血压病、心房颤动或瓣膜性心脏病、糖尿病、明显超重等因素呈现随年龄增长而增加的趋势；而吸烟率则呈现随年龄增长而降低的趋势。<50岁组的人群体力活动量最少519（28%）。高危人群中男性453例（26.20%），女性1276例（73.80%）。男性吸烟率（41.9%）显著高于女性（5.6%）；血脂异常率、卒中家族史因素女性高于男性，差异有统计学显著意义（P均<0.05），人群中具有一个危险因素的比例最高为3397例（53.63%），具有4个以上危险因素者643例（10.15%）。结论八里庄地区≥40岁人群中，脑卒中危险因素整体水平较高；高血压病、心房颤动或瓣膜性心脏病、糖尿病等因素在40~70岁年龄段内，呈现增加趋势；高危人群中，高血压病、血脂异常、卒中家族史为人数分布前三位的危险因素。
목적：료해북경시조양구팔리장지구40세이상인군뇌졸중위험인소、폭로수평급기인군분포특정。방법연구위횡단면조사연구，이년령≥40세적인군작위연구대상，채취정군추양방법，대8888례연구대상채용통일문권조사화체격검사，통과통일적뇌졸중풍험평고표진행뇌졸중풍험평고；대초보사사위고위인군적연구대상진행체격검사화실험실검사。결과경과뇌졸중풍험평고，저위5622례（63.25%），중위1537례（17.29%），고위1729례（19.45%）。연구대상남성평균년령위62.1±13.2세，녀성60.2±12.2세。재40~69세년령단，고혈압병、심방전동혹판막성심장병、당뇨병、명현초중등인소정현수년령증장이증가적추세；이흡연솔칙정현수년령증장이강저적추세。<50세조적인군체력활동량최소519（28%）。고위인군중남성453례（26.20%），녀성1276례（73.80%）。남성흡연솔（41.9%）현저고우녀성（5.6%）；혈지이상솔、졸중가족사인소녀성고우남성，차이유통계학현저의의（P균<0.05），인군중구유일개위험인소적비례최고위3397례（53.63%），구유4개이상위험인소자643례（10.15%）。결론팔리장지구≥40세인군중，뇌졸중위험인소정체수평교고；고혈압병、심방전동혹판막성심장병、당뇨병등인소재40~70세년령단내，정현증가추세；고위인군중，고혈압병、혈지이상、졸중가족사위인수분포전삼위적위험인소。
Objective To explore the prevalence and feature of stroke risk factors in the population with aged over 40 years in Balizhuang community in Beijing Chaoyang District. Methods Cluster sampling method was used to enrolled population with age over 40 years old. Investigation by questionnaire for demographic survey and screen by stroke risk assessment were conducted for all selected subjects according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. The physical examination and laboratory examination were followed after the screening for all subjects with high stroke risk. The distributions and features of stroke risk factors were analyzed by different gender and age groups using cross-sectional method. Results There were 5622 cases at low stroke risk, intermediate 1537 cases, 1729 cases of high risk after the stroke risk screening. Three thousand seven hundred and fifty-six cases were males, and 5l32 were females. The mean age of all 8888 subjects was 61.0±12.7 years. With the age increasing, the prevalance trends of hypertension, atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease, diabetes and obesity were increase. Age <50 years people do less sports and activities. In all 1729 high risk persons, smoke rate in male (41.9%) was higher than that of female (5.6%). The rate of hyperlipidemia and family history of stroke in female was higher than those of male with statistically difference (P<0.05). Conclusions In the Balizhuang community, the prevalence of stroke risk factors were high. The prevalence trends of hypertension, atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease, diabetes were increase with the age from 40 to 70 years old period in the population. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia and family history of stroke were the top three risk factors by ratio in high risk group of all 1729 persons.