铁道建筑
鐵道建築
철도건축
RAILWAY ENGINEERING
2014年
3期
11-15
,共5页
韩东%钟铁毅%信坤%贾鹏
韓東%鐘鐵毅%信坤%賈鵬
한동%종철의%신곤%가붕
船桥碰撞%塑性防撞装置%碰撞力%桥梁防撞设计
船橋踫撞%塑性防撞裝置%踫撞力%橋樑防撞設計
선교팽당%소성방당장치%팽당력%교량방당설계
Ship-bridge collision%Plastic anti-collision device%Collision force%Bridge anti-collision design
随着交通运输的发展，船桥碰撞事件时有发生。现有规范中撞击力计算公式通常只考虑船舶质量和速度，对刚度考虑不足。本文利用有限元软件ANSYS LS-DYNA进行仿真模拟，以不同的钢板厚度反映刚度变化，分析船舶结构和防撞装置刚度变化对撞击力以及碰撞过程的影响。研究结果表明：碰撞过程中船舶的动能主要被防撞装置和船舶结构通过塑性变形吸收，防撞装置相对刚度越小，其吸收的碰撞能越大；最大撞击力主要受船舶结构和防撞装置二者刚度较小者的影响，船舶结构刚度相对较小时，最大撞击力随船舶结构刚度的增加而增加；防撞装置的刚度较小时，最大撞击力随着防撞装置刚度的增加而增加；在进行桥梁防撞设计和验算时，除要考虑船舶刚度的影响外，还应根据通航水域的实际情况，确定防撞装置钢板厚度的合理范围。
隨著交通運輸的髮展，船橋踫撞事件時有髮生。現有規範中撞擊力計算公式通常隻攷慮船舶質量和速度，對剛度攷慮不足。本文利用有限元軟件ANSYS LS-DYNA進行倣真模擬，以不同的鋼闆厚度反映剛度變化，分析船舶結構和防撞裝置剛度變化對撞擊力以及踫撞過程的影響。研究結果錶明：踫撞過程中船舶的動能主要被防撞裝置和船舶結構通過塑性變形吸收，防撞裝置相對剛度越小，其吸收的踫撞能越大；最大撞擊力主要受船舶結構和防撞裝置二者剛度較小者的影響，船舶結構剛度相對較小時，最大撞擊力隨船舶結構剛度的增加而增加；防撞裝置的剛度較小時，最大撞擊力隨著防撞裝置剛度的增加而增加；在進行橋樑防撞設計和驗算時，除要攷慮船舶剛度的影響外，還應根據通航水域的實際情況，確定防撞裝置鋼闆厚度的閤理範圍。
수착교통운수적발전，선교팽당사건시유발생。현유규범중당격력계산공식통상지고필선박질량화속도，대강도고필불족。본문이용유한원연건ANSYS LS-DYNA진행방진모의，이불동적강판후도반영강도변화，분석선박결구화방당장치강도변화대당격력이급팽당과정적영향。연구결과표명：팽당과정중선박적동능주요피방당장치화선박결구통과소성변형흡수，방당장치상대강도월소，기흡수적팽당능월대；최대당격력주요수선박결구화방당장치이자강도교소자적영향，선박결구강도상대교소시，최대당격력수선박결구강도적증가이증가；방당장치적강도교소시，최대당격력수착방당장치강도적증가이증가；재진행교량방당설계화험산시，제요고필선박강도적영향외，환응근거통항수역적실제정황，학정방당장치강판후도적합리범위。
With the development of transportation ,ship-bridge collision incidents have always occurred . The calculation formula of the collision force in the existing standard only cares about the quality and the speed of the ship and the stiffness factor is not under consideration .This paper analyzed the impact of stiffness of ship structures and anti-collision devices on the collision force and the collision process by using finite element software ANSYS LS-DYNA, which simulates the stiffness variation reflected by different steel plate thickness .The results showed that kinetic energy in the ship-bridge collision process is mainly absorbed by the plastic deformation of the anti-collision device and the ship structure , the smaller the relative stiffness of anti-collision devices is,the more will the collision energy be absorbed , the maximum collision force is mainly affected by the smaller one between ship structures stiffness and anti-collision devices stiffness, the maximum collision force will increase with the increasing of ship structure stiffness when the ship structure stiffness is relatively small and the maximum collision force will increase with the increasing of anti-collision device stiffness when the anti-collision structure stiffness is relatively small,in addition to considering the effects of ship stiffness we should determine the reasonable range of anti-collision steel plate thickness according to the actual situation in navigable waters for bridge anti-collision designing and checking .
